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Chapter 1 : High Hydrostatic Pressure Effects in the Biosphere: from Molecules to Microbiology

Authors: Filip Meersman1, Karel Heremans2
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Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; 2: Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 2008

Category: Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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High Hydrostatic Pressure Effects in the Biosphere: from Molecules to Microbiology, Page 1 of 2

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Abstract:

This chapter aims to give an outline of the effect of high hydrostatic pressure on proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and their interactions and provide a thermodynamic and kinetic framework to describe these effects. The pressure effects of single-component systems (e.g., a protein in solution) are then related to the viability of microorganisms under extremes of high hydrostatic pressure. A temperature increase will cause a volume expansion, and an increase in pressure will cause a reduction in volume. If, however, as in the case of water, the forces are strong, then an increase in temperature might actually decrease the volume, as is observed between 0 and 4°C, where it reaches its maximum density under ambient pressure conditions. The above-mentioned general principles become even clearer when the effect of pressure on the melting temperature (dT/dp) of solid hydrocarbons and ice is considered. Proteins similar to the prion proteins involved in bovine spongiform encephalopathy and Creutzfeldt-Jakob’s disease also occur, for instance, in yeasts. Mapping structural features of biomolecules in the pressure-temperature plane is an important research topic for the molecular biologist to see which state of biomolecules is physiologically relevant. Mapping structural features of biomolecules in the pressure-temperature plane is an important research topic for the molecular biologist to see which state of biomolecules is physiologically relevant.

Citation: Meersman F, Heremans K. 2008. High Hydrostatic Pressure Effects in the Biosphere: from Molecules to Microbiology, p 1-17. In Michiels C, Bartlett D, Aersten A (ed), High-Pressure Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815646.ch1

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Outer Membrane Proteins
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Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
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Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies
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High Hydrostatic Pressure Effects in the Biosphere: from Molecules to Microbiology
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Citation: Meersman F, Heremans K. 2008. High Hydrostatic Pressure Effects in the Biosphere: from Molecules to Microbiology, p 1-17. In Michiels C, Bartlett D, Aersten A (ed), High-Pressure Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815646.ch1
/content/10.1128/9781555815646.ch01.ch01fig01
Figure 1.
Isokineticity profiles of the inactivation of a bacterium and a yeast as a function of a combined pressure and temperature treatment. For first-order reactions the decimal reduction time () is inversely proportional to the inactivation rate (). Similar differences in stability have been observed for proteins ( ). (Redrawn after references and .)
10.1128/9781555815646/f0002-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555815646/f0002-01.gif
Image of Figure 1.
Figure 1.

Isokineticity profiles of the inactivation of a bacterium and a yeast as a function of a combined pressure and temperature treatment. For first-order reactions the decimal reduction time () is inversely proportional to the inactivation rate (). Similar differences in stability have been observed for proteins ( ). (Redrawn after references and .)

Citation: Meersman F, Heremans K. 2008. High Hydrostatic Pressure Effects in the Biosphere: from Molecules to Microbiology, p 1-17. In Michiels C, Bartlett D, Aersten A (ed), High-Pressure Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815646.ch1
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/content/10.1128/9781555815646.ch01.ch01fig02
Figure 2.
Pressure-temperature phase diagram of proteins. In zone IΔ and are positive, in zone IIΔ is negative and is positive, and in zone III both and are negative.
10.1128/9781555815646/f0003-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555815646/f0003-01.gif
Image of Figure 2.
Figure 2.

Pressure-temperature phase diagram of proteins. In zone IΔ and are positive, in zone IIΔ is negative and is positive, and in zone III both and are negative.

Citation: Meersman F, Heremans K. 2008. High Hydrostatic Pressure Effects in the Biosphere: from Molecules to Microbiology, p 1-17. In Michiels C, Bartlett D, Aersten A (ed), High-Pressure Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815646.ch1
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Figure 3.
Highly schematic representation of the pressure-induced (top) and temperature-induced (bottom) denaturation of a protein. The circles represent water molecules. The first step of the pressure-induced denaturation is the insertion of water without much change in the conformation. For the temperature-induced denaturation the first step is a change in conformation of the protein.
10.1128/9781555815646/f0007-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555815646/f0007-01.gif
Image of Figure 3.
Figure 3.

Highly schematic representation of the pressure-induced (top) and temperature-induced (bottom) denaturation of a protein. The circles represent water molecules. The first step of the pressure-induced denaturation is the insertion of water without much change in the conformation. For the temperature-induced denaturation the first step is a change in conformation of the protein.

Citation: Meersman F, Heremans K. 2008. High Hydrostatic Pressure Effects in the Biosphere: from Molecules to Microbiology, p 1-17. In Michiels C, Bartlett D, Aersten A (ed), High-Pressure Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815646.ch1
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Figure 4.
Pressure-temperature phase diagram of different phospholipid bilayer systems in aqueous suspension. Single component bilayers are considered. Note the different slopes of DOPE and DOPC which are both di- unsaturated, compared to the mono--unsatured POPC. DPPC, 1,2-dipalmitoyl--glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine; DMPC, 1,2-dimyristoyl--glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine; DEPC, 1,2-dielaidoyl--glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine; POPC, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine; DOPE, 1,2-dioleoyl--glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine; DOPC, 1,2-dioleoyl--glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine. (Adapted from reference .)
10.1128/9781555815646/f0012-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555815646/f0012-01.gif
Image of Figure 4.
Figure 4.

Pressure-temperature phase diagram of different phospholipid bilayer systems in aqueous suspension. Single component bilayers are considered. Note the different slopes of DOPE and DOPC which are both di- unsaturated, compared to the mono--unsatured POPC. DPPC, 1,2-dipalmitoyl--glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine; DMPC, 1,2-dimyristoyl--glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine; DEPC, 1,2-dielaidoyl--glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine; POPC, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine; DOPE, 1,2-dioleoyl--glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine; DOPC, 1,2-dioleoyl--glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine. (Adapted from reference .)

Citation: Meersman F, Heremans K. 2008. High Hydrostatic Pressure Effects in the Biosphere: from Molecules to Microbiology, p 1-17. In Michiels C, Bartlett D, Aersten A (ed), High-Pressure Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815646.ch1
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Tables

High Hydrostatic Pressure Effects in the Biosphere: from Molecules to Microbiology
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Citation: Meersman F, Heremans K. 2008. High Hydrostatic Pressure Effects in the Biosphere: from Molecules to Microbiology, p 1-17. In Michiels C, Bartlett D, Aersten A (ed), High-Pressure Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815646.ch1
/content/10.1128/9781555815646.ch01.ch01tab01
Table 1.
ΔV associated with specific biochemical reactions (25ºC)
Generic image for table
Table 1.

ΔV associated with specific biochemical reactions (25ºC)

Citation: Meersman F, Heremans K. 2008. High Hydrostatic Pressure Effects in the Biosphere: from Molecules to Microbiology, p 1-17. In Michiels C, Bartlett D, Aersten A (ed), High-Pressure Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815646.ch1

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