Microbe Magazine

Cover ImageCover: Colored transmission electron micrograph of Shewanella oneidensis nanowires (see p. 113). (Image credit: Sahand Pirbadian in Mohamed El-Naggar's lab at the University of South Carolina

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FEATURES

Point-of-Care Diagnostic Testing in Global Health: What Is the Point?

Authors: Madhukar Pai, Marzieh Ghiasi, and Nitika Pant Pai

Although point-of-care (POC) testing is widely considered a good idea, there is little agreement on what exactly it entails. While regulatory agencies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) categorize tests based on criteria such as complexity and Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amen... More...

The CREATE Strategy Benefits Students and Is a Natural Fit for Faculty

Authors: Sally G. Hoskins, and Alison Krufka

Given how much time microbiologists spend reading and analyzing research articles, it is surprising that so many teach lecture courses based on textbooks, inadvertently depriving their students of the excitement of scientific discovery that comes with analyzing current research. Such faculty memb... More...

Microbial Extension Cords: Nanowires in Shewanella oneidensis

Author: Sarah E. Barchinger

As part of respiration in microbial and other cells, electrons transfer through an electron transport chain to produce energy as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). For most bacteria, the final electron acceptor is a soluble substrate such as oxygen, sulfate, or nitrate that can be brought into the cel... More...

CURRENT TOPICS

Will Heat of Debate Thaw Latest Freeze on Gain-of-Function Viral Research?

Author: Jeffrey L. Fox

Last October, the White House imposed a “pause” on gain-of-function (GoF) research involving the influenza and two coronaviruses, SARS and MERS, pending a two-part review of safety and security concerns that is aimed at developing a new policy for dealing with such research. One part of that revi... More...

Pathogenesis Puzzle: Norovirus Infects B Cells, Needs Bacterial Factors

Author: Carol Potera

The notorious norovirus, long known as an agent responsible for causing debilitating gastrointestinal disease, surprisingly infects B cells of the immune system that lie beneath the gut epithelium rather than the gut itself, according to virologist Stephanie Karst of the University of Florida, Ga... More...

By Dominating Wastewater Niche, Candidatus Microthrix Orchestrates Resource Use

Author: Barry E. DiGregorio

While growing as part of microbial consortia in wastewater tanks, the filamentous bacterium Candidatus Microthrix parvicella (Microthrix) fine tunes resource use within its community, orchestrating overall yields of fatty acids, according to Paul Wilmes of the Unive... More...

Uncertainties in Tracking West Nile Virus Undermine Vaccine Development

Author: Jeffrey L. Fox

Soon after West Nile virus (WNV) appeared in the United States (US) in 1999, several vaccine efforts were launched, leading to a vaccine deemed suitable for horses by 2001, according to Thomas Monath of Harvard Medical School in Boston, Mass. By last year, however, nearly all other WNV vaccine de... More...

ASM NEWS

Two New Academy Reports

Microbes Make the Cheese. Did you know that each piece of cheese that we eat may contain as many as 10 billion microbes? Cheese is one of the few foods we eat that contain extraordinarily high numbers of living, metabolizing microor... More...

Update on the Executive Director/Chief Executive Officer Search

ASM is actively seeking a new Executive Director/Chief Executive Officer to provide leadership, guidance, and management for the organization. In the fall the Council Policy Committee and the Council delegated hiring authority to the Officers of the Society. In this capacity, the Officers' d... More...

2015 General Meeting Award Laureates

The Committee on Awards is pleased to announce the 2015 General Meeting award laureates. Biographical sketches of the 2015 awardees appear below and in the next two issues of Microbe.

ASM Public Affairs

Education Board

Branches: ASM Activities at the Local Level

Author: Linda Bruno

Obituary: Norman P. Willett

Authors: Toby K. Eisenstein, Stephen Sonstein, and Michael Schmidt

Norman Willett died on 19 September 2014 at the age of 86. He obtained his bachelor's degree in Agriculture from Rutgers University, N.J., in 1949. He decided to pursue graduate work and obtained an M.S. from Syracuse University in 1952, and a Ph.D. at Michigan State i... More...

NEW FROM ASM

Instead of Harming, Murine Norovirus Benefits Germfree Mice

Author: David C. Holzman

Viruses of the gastrointestinal tract appear to be an integral component of the broader gut microbiome, providing “many of the same signals to the host that are attributed to commensal bacteria,” notes Ken Cadwell of New York University School of Medicine in New York, N.Y. The “recent surge in mi... More...

Post-Joint Replacement Infections Are Antibiotic-Defying, Biofilm-Like, Large Aggregates

Despite standard antibiotic prophylaxis, breakthrough infections still occur, with often devastating effects, following total joint arthroplasty. Now Noreen Hickok of the Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pa., Michael Otto of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, Beth... More...

Stinkbug Pouches: Not Quite the Same Function as on Kangaroos

Stinkbugs not only are olfactorily offensive to most civilized H. sapiens; they inflict substantial agricultural losses. Yet these seemingly lowly creatures have much to offer the microbiologist: their gut-based bacterial symbionts are critical to their survival and... More...

Sustained Release Pharma Platform Is Novel Infectious Disease-Fighting Device

Doron Steinberg et al. of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, report that they have incorporated the anti-biofilm, anti-quorum sensing agent, Thiazolidinedione-8, into a sustained release membrane, and that it inhibited Candida albicans biofilm formation for... More...

Encouraging News for Universal Flu Vaccine Development

Matthew Miller et al. of McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, report that despite having vastly inferior neutralization potency relative to strain-specific hemagglutinin head domain-binding antibodies (in a monoclonal context), within a polyclonal context, broadly neutralizing antibodi... More...

Antisense Compound Proves Promising against Ebola in Monkeys

Travis K. Warren of U.S. the Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Md., et al. report that the experimental antisense medication AVI-7537, which targets the gene for Ebola virus protein VP24, protected 75% of a group of rhesus monkeys from the virus. The monkeys sh... More...

Could Frog Skin Peptides Be Source of New Antibiotics?

Skin and soft tissue infections with Staphylococcus aureus are leading nosocomial infections. Now David Craik of the University of Queensland, Australia, reports that slightly modified peptides from frog skin had powerful activity against S. ... More...

DEPARTMENTS

QIIME: Better Described as EMSAP?

Author: Donald A. Klein

The software described as QIIME (quantitative insights into microbial ecology) is being used widely for the analysis of molecular sequences recovered from microbial assemblages (http://qiime.org/). As an example of this wide use, there have been 144 citations including this term in ASM full-text ... More...

Carcinogenesis—Real Understanding at Last

Author: Bernard Dixon

Not the least welcome implication of a recent paper by Cristian Tomasetti of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Bert Vogelstein at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, both in Baltimore, Md., is that it appears to furnish a definitive resolution of longstanding disputations over ... More...

Minitopics

Reviews and Resources

Author: Virginia L. Miller

Application Deadlines

American Board of Medical Microbiology (ABMM) Certification. Certifies the expertise of doctoral-level microbiologists seeking to direct public health or clinical microbiology laboratories. ABMM certification is achieved by passing an online multiple-choice exam that is off... More...

ASM Meetings Calendar

13–16 March 2015.

Small Things Considered

Author: Merry Youle

Over the past eight years, researchers established a basic understanding of the CRISPR defenses against foreign DNA so widely used by both bacteria and archaea. Still, questions remained. Here is an update on two of them.

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