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Chapter 26 : Practical Aspects of Butanol Production
Authors:
Thaddeus C. Ezeji1,
Hans P. Blaschek2
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Affiliations:
1: Department of Animal Sciences and Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691;
2: Center for Advanced BioEnergy Research and Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year:
2008
Category: Applied and Industrial Microbiology
Book DOI:
10.1128/9781555815547
Chapter DOI:
10.1128/9781555815547.ch26
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Abstract:
This chapter discusses practical approaches for biobutanol production, including strategies for reducing or eliminating butanol toxicity to the culture, as well as exploiting both physiological and nutritional aspects of the fermenting microorganisms in order to achieve better product specificity and yield. Recent developments in liquid biofuel technology, the uncertainty of petroleum supplies, the finite nature of fossil fuels, and environmental concerns have revived research efforts aimed at obtaining butanol from renewable resources. Solventogenic clostridia and many other anaerobes transport sugars into cell membranes through a phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS), and this PTS is involved in the transfer of a phosphate group from PEP to the substrate sugar. Generally, process controls during fermentations may be classified as physical (agitation speed, temperature, pressure, and aeration rate), chemical (pH, redox potential, dissolved oxygen, and dissolved CO2), and biological (biomass concentration, oxygen uptake, and production rates of H2, CO2, CH4, etc.) variables. The solventogenic clostridia have the ability to reassimilate the fermentation intermediates (acids) for solvent or butanol production and stabilize the pH in the process. pH measurement during butanol fermentation is important in order to accurately monitor the fermentation progress and in extreme cases prevent "acid crash." Accurate online pH monitoring is important for early detection of poorly buffered pH media.
Citation:
Ezeji T, Blaschek H.
2008.
Practical Aspects of Butanol Production,
p 335-346.
In
Wall J, Harwood C, Demain A (ed),
Bioenergy.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555815547.ch26
Key Concept Ranking
- Carbon monoxide
- 0.57086617
- Cell Division
- 0.53906417
- Acetic Fermentation
- 0.5046039
0.57086617
Figures
Practical Aspects of Butanol Production
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Citation:
Ezeji T, Blaschek H.
2008.
Practical Aspects of Butanol Production,
p 335-346.
In
Wall J, Harwood C, Demain A (ed),
Bioenergy.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555815547.ch26
/content/10.1128/9781555815547.ch26.ch26fig01
Figure 1.
Simplified metabolism of glucose by solventogenic clostridia. Symbols: 1, glucose uptake by the PTS and conversion to pyruvate by the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway; 2, pyruvateferredoxin oxidoreductase; 3, thiolase; 4, 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, crotonase, and butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; 5, phosphate acetyltransferase and acetate kinase; 6, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and ethanol dehydrogenase; 7, acetoacetyl-CoA:acetate/butyrate:CoA transferase and acetoacetate decarboxylase; 8, phosphate butyltransferase and butyrate kinase; 9, butyraldehyde dehydrogenase and butanol dehydrogenase.
10.1128/9781555815547/f0337-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555815547/f0337-01.gif
Figure 1.
Simplified metabolism of glucose by solventogenic clostridia. Symbols: 1, glucose uptake by the PTS and conversion to pyruvate by the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway; 2, pyruvateferredoxin oxidoreductase; 3, thiolase; 4, 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, crotonase, and butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; 5, phosphate acetyltransferase and acetate kinase; 6, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and ethanol dehydrogenase; 7, acetoacetyl-CoA:acetate/butyrate:CoA transferase and acetoacetate decarboxylase; 8, phosphate butyltransferase and butyrate kinase; 9, butyraldehyde dehydrogenase and butanol dehydrogenase.
Citation:
Ezeji T, Blaschek H.
2008.
Practical Aspects of Butanol Production,
p 335-346.
In
Wall J, Harwood C, Demain A (ed),
Bioenergy.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555815547.ch26
/content/10.1128/9781555815547.ch26.ch26fig02
Figure 2.
Schematic diagram of ABE production by C. beijerinckii BA101 and recovery by gas stripping process with a separate stripping column.
10.1128/9781555815547/f0341-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555815547/f0341-01.gif
Figure 2.
Schematic diagram of ABE production by C. beijerinckii BA101 and recovery by gas stripping process with a separate stripping column.
Citation:
Ezeji T, Blaschek H.
2008.
Practical Aspects of Butanol Production,
p 335-346.
In
Wall J, Harwood C, Demain A (ed),
Bioenergy.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555815547.ch26
References
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Tables
Practical Aspects of Butanol Production
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Citation:
Ezeji T, Blaschek H.
2008.
Practical Aspects of Butanol Production,
p 335-346.
In
Wall J, Harwood C, Demain A (ed),
Bioenergy.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555815547.ch26
/content/10.1128/9781555815547.ch26.ch26tab01
Table 1.
Composition of representative potential lignocellulosic raw materials for biobutanol production
a
Table 1.
Composition of representative potential lignocellulosic raw materials for biobutanol production a
Citation:
Ezeji T, Blaschek H.
2008.
Practical Aspects of Butanol Production,
p 335-346.
In
Wall J, Harwood C, Demain A (ed),
Bioenergy.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555815547.ch26