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Chapter 5 : Pathogenicity of Enterobacter sakazakii
Authors:
Franco Pagotto1,
Jeffrey M. Farber2,
Raquel Lenati3
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Affiliations:
1: Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;
2: Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;
3: Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year:
2008
Category: Applied and Industrial Microbiology
Book DOI:
10.1128/9781555815608
Chapter DOI:
10.1128/9781555815608.ch5
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Abstract:
Enterobacter sakazakii is an emerging food-borne pathogen that has increasingly raised interest among the scientific community, health care providers, and the food industry since the early 1980s, when it was accepted as a new species. This chapter attempts to summarize research endeavors aimed at understanding the pathogenesis of this important food-borne pathogen. The first two known cases of E. sakazakii meningitis date from 1958 and were first reported in 1961. Subsequently, cases of meningitis, septicemia, and necrotizing enterocolitis due to this organism have been reported worldwide. E. sakazakii adherence to the cell lines increased with a higher multiplicity of infection and was maximal at the late bacterial exponential growth phase. Once E. sakazakii makes its way past the gastrointestinal tract to the bloodstream, it is likely that it attaches to endothelial cells and then somehow crosses through the blood-brain barrier to infect the meninges and brain. Interestingly, using meningitis and bacteremia alone to characterize the disease, invasive infant cases were divided into two groups based on gestational age and birth weight. The interest in the causal relationship between powdered infant formula (PIF) and this emerging food-borne pathogen has led to an interest in ascertaining its mechanism(s) of pathogenicity.
Citation:
Pagotto F, Farber J, Lenati R.
2008.
Pathogenicity of Enterobacter sakazakii,
p 127-144.
In
Farber J, Forsythe S, Doyle M (ed),
Enterobacter sakazakii.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555815608.ch5
Figures
Pathogenicity of Enterobacter sakazakii
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Citation:
Pagotto F, Farber J, Lenati R.
2008.
Pathogenicity of Enterobacter sakazakii,
p 127-144.
In
Farber J, Forsythe S, Doyle M (ed),
Enterobacter sakazakii.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555815608.ch5
/content/10.1128/9781555815608.ch05.ch05fig01
Figure 1
Schematic diagram illustrating young (a) and neonatal (b) experimental designs for assessing the virulence and pathogenicity of E. sakazakii.
10.1128/9781555815608/f0134-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555815608/f0134-01.gif
Figure 1
Schematic diagram illustrating young (a) and neonatal (b) experimental designs for assessing the virulence and pathogenicity of E. sakazakii.
Citation:
Pagotto F, Farber J, Lenati R.
2008.
Pathogenicity of Enterobacter sakazakii,
p 127-144.
In
Farber J, Forsythe S, Doyle M (ed),
Enterobacter sakazakii.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555815608.ch5
/content/10.1128/9781555815608.ch05.ch05fig02
Figure 2
Proposed model for the pathogenesis of E. sakazakii, based on our own work and that of the literature.
10.1128/9781555815608/f0140-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555815608/f0140-01.gif
Figure 2
Proposed model for the pathogenesis of E. sakazakii, based on our own work and that of the literature.
Citation:
Pagotto F, Farber J, Lenati R.
2008.
Pathogenicity of Enterobacter sakazakii,
p 127-144.
In
Farber J, Forsythe S, Doyle M (ed),
Enterobacter sakazakii.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555815608.ch5
References
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Tables
Pathogenicity of Enterobacter sakazakii
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Citation:
Pagotto F, Farber J, Lenati R.
2008.
Pathogenicity of Enterobacter sakazakii,
p 127-144.
In
Farber J, Forsythe S, Doyle M (ed),
Enterobacter sakazakii.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555815608.ch5
/content/10.1128/9781555815608.ch05.ch05tab01
Table 1
Recovery of E. sakazakii from the organs of young gerbils on days 7 and 14 p.i.
Table 1
Recovery of E. sakazakii from the organs of young gerbils on days 7 and 14 p.i.
Citation:
Pagotto F, Farber J, Lenati R.
2008.
Pathogenicity of Enterobacter sakazakii,
p 127-144.
In
Farber J, Forsythe S, Doyle M (ed),
Enterobacter sakazakii.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555815608.ch5
/content/10.1128/9781555815608.ch05.ch05tab02
Table 2
Presence of E. sakazakii in the organs of neonatal gerbils after oral and i.p. inoculation with 109 cells of strain 2871
Table 2
Presence of E. sakazakii in the organs of neonatal gerbils after oral and i.p. inoculation with 109 cells of strain 2871
Citation:
Pagotto F, Farber J, Lenati R.
2008.
Pathogenicity of Enterobacter sakazakii,
p 127-144.
In
Farber J, Forsythe S, Doyle M (ed),
Enterobacter sakazakii.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555815608.ch5