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Chapter 62 : Role of -Specific Genes in Pathogenesis

Authors: Hayley J. Newton1, Fiona M. Sansom2, Vicki Bennett-Wood3, Elizabeth L. Hartland4
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Affiliations: 1: Australian Bacterial Pathogenesis Program, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia; 2: Australian Bacterial Pathogenesis Program, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia; 3: Australian Bacterial Pathogenesis Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; 4: Australian Bacterial Pathogenesis Program, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 2006

Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis

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Abstract:

Several studies have compared the virulence traits of different spp., yet little is known about the genetic basis of these phenotypic differences. To investigate genetic differences between and , the authors performed a low stringency genomic subtractive hybridization between a serogroup 1 isolate of and a clinical isolate of . Subtractive hybridization revealed 151 open reading frames (ORFs) present in 02/41 and absent in 02/42. LadC is predicted to be an adenylate cyclase, as it possesses an intact HAMP signal transduction region and the catalytic domain for adenylate cyclases. There are several mechanisms by which LadC, as a putative adenylate cyclase, could influence the invasion of host cells. LadC, through control of cAMP levels within the bacterial cell, may influence the regulation of virulence determinants or it may play a direct role in host-pathogen interactions. This investigation has demonstrated that possesses virulence determinants that are absent in other species.

Citation: J. Newton H, M. Sansom F, Bennett-Wood V, L. Hartland E. 2006. Role of -Specific Genes in Pathogenesis, p 251-254. In Cianciotto N, Kwaik Y, Edelstein P, Fields B, Geary D, Harrison T, Joseph C, Ratcliff R, Stout J, Swanson M (ed), . ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815660.ch62

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Role of Legionella pneumophila-Specific Genes in Pathogenesis
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Citation: J. Newton H, M. Sansom F, Bennett-Wood V, L. Hartland E. 2006. Role of -Specific Genes in Pathogenesis, p 251-254. In Cianciotto N, Kwaik Y, Edelstein P, Fields B, Geary D, Harrison T, Joseph C, Ratcliff R, Stout J, Swanson M (ed), . ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815660.ch62
/content/10.1128/9781555815660.ch62.ch62fig01
FIGURE 1
entry into THP-1 and A549 cells 130b (black), (white), and (pMIP:) (stripes) are shown. shows statistically significant reduced entry in comparison to 130b and (pMIP:W), < 0.05.
10.1128/9781555815660/f0252-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555815660/f0252-01.gif
Image of FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1

entry into THP-1 and A549 cells 130b (black), (white), and (pMIP:) (stripes) are shown. shows statistically significant reduced entry in comparison to 130b and (pMIP:W), < 0.05.

Citation: J. Newton H, M. Sansom F, Bennett-Wood V, L. Hartland E. 2006. Role of -Specific Genes in Pathogenesis, p 251-254. In Cianciotto N, Kwaik Y, Edelstein P, Fields B, Geary D, Harrison T, Joseph C, Ratcliff R, Stout J, Swanson M (ed), . ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815660.ch62
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/content/10.1128/9781555815660.ch62.ch62fig02
FIGURE 2
entry into THP-1 and A549 cells 130b (black), (white), and (pMIP:) (stripes) are shown. shows statistically significant reduced entry in comparison to 130b and (pMIP:), < 0.05.
10.1128/9781555815660/f0253-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555815660/f0253-01.gif
Image of FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2

entry into THP-1 and A549 cells 130b (black), (white), and (pMIP:) (stripes) are shown. shows statistically significant reduced entry in comparison to 130b and (pMIP:), < 0.05.

Citation: J. Newton H, M. Sansom F, Bennett-Wood V, L. Hartland E. 2006. Role of -Specific Genes in Pathogenesis, p 251-254. In Cianciotto N, Kwaik Y, Edelstein P, Fields B, Geary D, Harrison T, Joseph C, Ratcliff R, Stout J, Swanson M (ed), . ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815660.ch62
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Download as Powerpoint

References

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1. Cazalet, C.,, C. Rusniok,, H. Bruggemann,, N. Zidane,, A. Magnier,, L. Ma,, M. Tichit,, S. Jar-raud,, C. Bouchier,, F. Vandenesch,, F. Kunst,, J. Etienne,, P. Glaser, and, C. Buchrieser. 2004. Evidence in the Legionella pneumophila genome for exploitation of host cell functions and high genome plasticity. Nature Genet. 36: 1165— 1173.
2. Chen, J.,, K. S. de Felipe,, M. Clarke,, H. Lu,, O. R. Anderson,, G. Segal, and, H. A. Shuman. 2004. Legionella effectors that promote nonlytic release from protozoa. Science 303: 1358— 1361.
3. Cirillo, S. L., L. J., and, J. D. Cirillo. 2000. Identification of novel loci involved in entry by Legionella pneumophila. Microbiology 146: 1345— 1359.
4. Gao, L. Y.,, M. Susa,, B. Ticac, and, Y. Abu-Kwaik. 1999. Heterogeneity in intracellular replication and cytopathogenicity of Legionella pneumophila and Legionella micdadei in mammalian and protozoan cells. Microb. Pathog. 27: 273— 287.
5. Goebl, M., and, M. Yanagida. 1991. The TPR snap helix: a novel protein repeat motif from mitosis to transcription. Trends Biochem. Sci. 16: 173— 177.
6. Joshi, A. D., and, M. S. Swanson. 1999. Comparative analysis of Legionella pneumophila and Le-gionella micdadei virulence traits. Infect. Immun. 67: 4134— 4142.
7. Luneberg, E.,, N. Zetzmann,, D. Alber,, Y. A. Knirel,, O. Kooistra,, U. Zahringer, and, M. Frosch. 2000. Cloning and functional characterization of a 30 kb gene locus required for lipo-polysaccharide biosynthesis in Legionella pneumophila. Int. J. Med. Microbiol. 290: 37— 49.
8. Morozova, I.,, X. Qu,, S. Shi,, G. Asamani,, J. E. Greenberg,, H. A. Shuman, and, J. J. Russo. 2004. Comparative sequence analysis of the icm/ dot genes in Legionella. Plasmid 51: 127— 47.
9. Neumeister, B.,, M. Schoniger,, M. Faigle,, M. Eichner, and, K. Deitz. 1997. Multiplication of different Legionella species in Mac 6 cells and in Acanthamoebae castellanii. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63: 1219— 1224.
10. Rankin, S.,, Z. Li, and, R. R. Isberg. 2002. Macrophage-Induced Genes of Legionella pneumophila: Protection from Reactive Intermediates and Solute Imbalance during Intracellular Growth. Infect. Immun. 70: 3637— 3648.
11. Yu, V. L.,, J. F. Plouffe,, M. C. Pastoris,, J. E. Stout,, M. Schousboe,, A. Widmer,, J. Sum-mersgill,, T. File,, C. M. Heath,, D. L. Paterson, and, A. Chereshsky. 2002. Distribution of Le-gionella species and serogroups isolated by culture in patients with sporadic community-acquired pneumonia: an international collaborative study. J. Infect. Dis. 186: 127— 128.

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