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Chapter 5 : Comparative Genomics: Genome Configuration and the Driving Forces in the Evolution of Vibrios

Authors: Tetsuya Iida1, Ken Kurokawa2
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Affiliations: 1: Department of Bacterial Infections, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; 2: Laboratory of Comparative Genomics, Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 2006

Category: Environmental Microbiology

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Abstract:

This chapter outlines recent progress in the study of the genomes, including information from the genome sequences covered to date. A Japanese group and an American group independently reported the possession of two circular chromosomes for vibrios. First, all the vibrios examined possessed two chromosomes: no vibrios with only one chromosome were found. Second, the size of the large chromosome was relatively constant among the vibrios. The distribution of genes of known function between the large and small chromosomes of vibrios provides tantalizing clues about how the two-chromosome configuration of the might confer an evolutionary advantage. Thus, whatever the origin of the small chromosome of , stable maintenance of genomes with multiple chromosomes might have required the evolution of shared mechanisms to control replication. Genome sequencing of three species enabled the authors to precisely compare the genome structures of the strains. The chapter provides a brief introduction to some recent topics on horizontal gene transfer in vibrios, mainly in relation to the acquisition of the genes for pathogenicity. Recently, it was reported that chromosomal superintegrons of vibrios might be a genetic source for the evolution of resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics through integron-mediated recombination events. As with , further genome sequencing and comparative analysis of more vibrios should give us exciting new knowledge about vibrios exhibiting a variety of lifestyles.

Citation: Iida T, Kurokawa K. 2006. Comparative Genomics: Genome Configuration and the Driving Forces in the Evolution of Vibrios, p 67-75. In Thompson F, Austin B, Swings J (ed), The Biology of Vibrios. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815714.ch5
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Comparative Genomics: Genome Configuration and the Driving Forces in the Evolution of Vibrios
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Citation: Iida T, Kurokawa K. 2006. Comparative Genomics: Genome Configuration and the Driving Forces in the Evolution of Vibrios, p 67-75. In Thompson F, Austin B, Swings J (ed), The Biology of Vibrios. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815714.ch5
/content/10.1128/9781555815714.ch05.ch05fig01
FIGURE 1
PFGE of undigested genomic DNA of vibrios. 1, ; 2, ; 3, Two distinct bands corresponding to each chromosome are apparent.
10.1128/9781555815714/f0068-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555815714/f0068-01.gif
Image of FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1

PFGE of undigested genomic DNA of vibrios. 1, ; 2, ; 3, Two distinct bands corresponding to each chromosome are apparent.

Citation: Iida T, Kurokawa K. 2006. Comparative Genomics: Genome Configuration and the Driving Forces in the Evolution of Vibrios, p 67-75. In Thompson F, Austin B, Swings J (ed), The Biology of Vibrios. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815714.ch5
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/content/10.1128/9781555815714.ch05.ch05fig02
FIGURE 2
Comparison of the size of the large and small chromosomes. The vertical axis is the relative size of each chromosome from various vibrios; the chromosomes of were used as a standard. The size differences of the chromosomes of each vibrio are presented by dividing the size of the large or small chromosome of each strain by the size of the corresponding chromosome of . Black bars, large chromosomes; gray bars, small chromosomes.
10.1128/9781555815714/f0070-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555815714/f0070-01.gif
Image of FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2

Comparison of the size of the large and small chromosomes. The vertical axis is the relative size of each chromosome from various vibrios; the chromosomes of were used as a standard. The size differences of the chromosomes of each vibrio are presented by dividing the size of the large or small chromosome of each strain by the size of the corresponding chromosome of . Black bars, large chromosomes; gray bars, small chromosomes.

Citation: Iida T, Kurokawa K. 2006. Comparative Genomics: Genome Configuration and the Driving Forces in the Evolution of Vibrios, p 67-75. In Thompson F, Austin B, Swings J (ed), The Biology of Vibrios. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815714.ch5
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