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Chapter 11 : Extremophilic

Author: Douglas H. Bartlett1
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Affiliations: 1: Marine Biology Research Division (0202), Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0202
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 2006

Category: Environmental Microbiology

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Abstract:

Currently, eight genera are included in the extremophilic . According to , these genera are , , , , , , , and . Any luminous spots appearing after overnight incubation generally belong to . This organism is an important source of spoilage of modified atmosphere-packed fish products stored at low temperatures, where it respires trimethylamine oxide and produces trimethylamine. One of the challenges in describing low-temperature adaptation in the is that many of the model systems that have been used for the studies have undergone taxonomic reclassification. Among the cold shock proteins (CSP), nucleic acid-binding proteins, the CspA family proteins have received the most attention. The isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) isozymes produced by strain ABE-1 (now classified as ) are particularly fascinating examples of psychrophile enzyme adaptation to low temperature. A major breakthrough in studies of the molecular basis of high-pressure adaptation has been the recent report of the complete SS9 genome sequence. preferentially transports glutamate at high osmolarity. Under conditions of external proline, osmotic adaptation in follows the osmotic induction of proline transport and its conversion to glutamate. In response to starvation conditions at low temperature many bacteria enter into a physiological state in which they cannot be propagated on culture media but remain metabolically active. Such cells have been referred to as having entered the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state.

Citation: Bartlett D. 2006. Extremophilic , p 156-171. In Thompson F, Austin B, Swings J (ed), The Biology of Vibrios. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815714.ch11
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Extremophilic Vibrionaceae
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Citation: Bartlett D. 2006. Extremophilic , p 156-171. In Thompson F, Austin B, Swings J (ed), The Biology of Vibrios. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815714.ch11
/content/10.1128/9781555815714.ch11.ch11fig01
FIGURE 1
Growth characteristics of the strain SS9 (β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase I) mutant at low pressure (0.1 MPa, 9°C) and high pressure (28 MPa, 9°C) compared with the parental SS9R strain. Tween 80 (18:1) was supplemented at a final concentration of 0.025% (vol/vol) (E. E. Allen and D. H. Bartlett, unpublished results).
10.1128/9781555815714/f0163-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555815714/f0163-01.gif
Image of FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1

Growth characteristics of the strain SS9 (β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase I) mutant at low pressure (0.1 MPa, 9°C) and high pressure (28 MPa, 9°C) compared with the parental SS9R strain. Tween 80 (18:1) was supplemented at a final concentration of 0.025% (vol/vol) (E. E. Allen and D. H. Bartlett, unpublished results).

Citation: Bartlett D. 2006. Extremophilic , p 156-171. In Thompson F, Austin B, Swings J (ed), The Biology of Vibrios. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815714.ch11
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Tables

Extremophilic Vibrionaceae
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Citation: Bartlett D. 2006. Extremophilic , p 156-171. In Thompson F, Austin B, Swings J (ed), The Biology of Vibrios. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815714.ch11
/content/10.1128/9781555815714.ch11.ch11tab01
TABLE 1
Psychrotolerant or psychrophylic members of the
Generic image for table
TABLE 1

Psychrotolerant or psychrophylic members of the

Citation: Bartlett D. 2006. Extremophilic , p 156-171. In Thompson F, Austin B, Swings J (ed), The Biology of Vibrios. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815714.ch11
/content/10.1128/9781555815714.ch11.ch11tab02
TABLE 2
Examples of enzymes from cold-adapted species that have been studied
Generic image for table
TABLE 2

Examples of enzymes from cold-adapted species that have been studied

Citation: Bartlett D. 2006. Extremophilic , p 156-171. In Thompson F, Austin B, Swings J (ed), The Biology of Vibrios. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815714.ch11

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