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Category: Environmental Microbiology
Aquatic Environment, Page 1 of 2
< Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555815714/9781555813659_Chap12-1.gif /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555815714/9781555813659_Chap12-2.gifAbstract:
This chapter discusses the nature of vibrios--their habitats, ecology, physiological traits, and Evolution. The major components of the isolates identified as gram-negative facultative anaerobes were Colwellia species. Vibrio species are distributed widely and often predominate in the aquatic environment. Rapid die-off occurred after 5 h of incubation, which suggested intraspecific competitions among the microbial populations in the nonsterile sediment environment. This result indicates that the sediment environment is more competitive for Vibrio species to compete with other microorganisms than other habitats in the aquatic environment. Free-living heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF) are major and ubiquitous bacterial grazers in various aquatic environments. Vibrio species may use marine animals as their vehicle for survival, where they may escape the grazing pressure of protozoans. The first step of chitin degradation is primarily carried out by microorganisms, and this trait is widespread among many taxonomic groups of prokaryotes. Phenanthrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), is present in coal tar and petroleum and is a by-product of petroleum refining. Yet it is relevant to note that a marine Vibrio sp. may well be able to degrade PAH. In general, the availability of environmental parameters, such as water temperature, nutrient, and chlorophyll concentrations, is limited, although the use of these data is straightforward in the monitoring of pathogens in aquatic environments. By remote sensing, the sea surface temperature, turbidity, chlorophyll, and sea surface height can be monitored; it has been possible to determine which environmental parameters are strongly linked with epidemics.
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Specific distribution of Vibrionaceae representatives in aquatic environments.
Possible ecological interaction between zooplankton and vibrios in the marine environment.
Abundance of Vibrio spp. in water and sediment
Psychrophilic vibrios