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Category: Environmental Microbiology
Miscellaneous Human Pathogens, Page 1 of 2
< Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555815714/9781555813659_Chap26-1.gif /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555815714/9781555813659_Chap26-2.gifAbstract:
Besides three clinically important species in the genus Vibrio-V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus-nine other Vibrio species have been isolated from human infections. They include V. mimicus, Grimontia hollisae, V. fluvialis, and V. furnissii, which are solely or principally isolated from gastroenteritis cases, and V. alginolyticus and Photobacterium damselae, which are chiefly associated with wound infections. In addition, V. metschnikovii, V. cincinnatiensis, and V. harveyi are chiefly isolated from extraintestinal infections, but these isolations are less frequent. The nine species are currently considered to be potential human pathogens and are reportable in public health surveys from the marine environment and seafood. The rare isolation of Grimontia species is partly due to its unique growth and biochemical characteristics. G. hollisae does not grow, or grows very poorly, on selective isolation media for enteric pathogens, including thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose (TCBS) agar and MacConkey agar. Two factors in G. hollisae that may play roles in diarrhea have been studied. G. hollisae produces a hemolysin similar to the TDH (thermostable direct hemolysin) of V. parahaemolyticus. Extracellular proteins (ECPs) and cell-associated factors have been studied in experimental models to determine if V. furnissii produces a possible diarrheagenic factor(s), with results indicating that culture filtrates of some strains cause diarrhea and mortality in suckling mice. The virulence of other cultures may depend on the production of other virulence factors, the nature of which differs from strain to strain.
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Reports of infections by potentially pathogenic Vibrio species a
Phenotypic characteristics useful for differentiation of human pathogenic Vibrio species a