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Category: Applied and Industrial Microbiology; Food Microbiology
Shigella Species, Page 1 of 2
< Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555815912/9781555814076_Chap15-1.gif /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555815912/9781555814076_Chap15-2.gifAbstract:
This chapter talks about the members of the Shigella species and the disease they cause. Modes of transmission and examples of recent foodborne outbreaks are also presented in the chapter. It also discusses the current understanding of the genetics of Shigella pathogenesis, the genes involved in causing disease, and how they are regulated. Common foods that have been implicated in outbreaks caused by shigellae include potato salad, chicken salad, tossed salad, and shellfish. The locations where these types of Shigella-contaminated foods were served ranged from the home to restaurants, camps, picnics, schools, airlines, sorority houses, and military mess halls. The adverse effect of foodborne pathogenesis on public health is reflected by its notable morbidity and mortality. Reactive arthritis is a postinfection sequela to shigellosis that is strongly associated with individuals of the HLA-B27 histocompatibility group. The syndrome is comprised of three symptoms, urethritis, conjunctivitis, and arthritis, with the last being the most dominant symptom. The single most effective means of preventing secondary transmission is handwashing. Observation of Shigella mutants established intracellular spread as the fourth hallmark of Shigella virulence.
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Map of virulence plasmid from S. flexneri 2a. A SalI restriction map of the 220-kb plasmid is shown in the center. Sections of SalI fragments B and P (top map) and fragments P, H, and D (bottom map) are expanded to illustrate the virulence loci carried in these regions. The expanded regions are contiguous and cover 32 kb. The open reading frame for icsB is separated from that of ipgD by 314 bp. The entire sequences of the virulence plasmids from S. flexneri 2a and 5 have been determined ( 19 , 60 , 138 ).
Examples of foodborne outbreaks caused by Shigella spp.
Virulence-associated loci of Shigella