
Full text loading...
Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis
Helicobacter pylori and Antibacterial Agents, Page 1 of 2
< Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555815929/9781555812379_Chap40-1.gif /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555815929/9781555812379_Chap40-2.gifAbstract:
The recognition of Helicobacter pylori as an etiological agent of gastric peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, and mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is one of the most important advances made in gastroenterology in the past 50 years. Eradication therapy is recommended for infected persons who develop peptic ulcer disease or gastric lymphoma or who are beginning long-term treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Among the few conserved families of efflux systems associated with bacterial resistance to antibacterial agents, one is widespread among gram-negative bacilli: the RND family. In Tartu, Estonia, 56 patients suffering from H. pylori infections were enrolled for testing of the susceptibility of H. pylori clinical isolates to antibacterial agents. There are few data regarding the H. pyloriresistance rate in the United States. The frequency of primary clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance among patients enrolled in different geographical areas in the U.S.-based clinical trials between 1993 and 1999 was assessed by MIC determinations using E-test. The rate of resistance to amoxicillin and tetracycline in this study among H. pylori isolates was low. The marked decrease of metronidazole in gastric juice after repeated administration of omeprazole is explained by the elevation of gastric pH induced by omeprazole. Ciprofloxacin was administered as a single dose of 500mg in 15 patients undergoing biopsies. Ciprofloxacin levels ranged from 1.5 to 1,762 mg/kg. Optimal concentrations were obtained after 1 h of dosing and reached 500 mg/kg. The in vitro activities of various antibacterial agents against H. pylori were assessed, including linezolid, dalfopristin-quinupristin, mupirocin, aminoglycosides, and fosfomycin.
Full text loading...
Proton pump inhibitors
Ebrotidine
5-Hydroxyquinoline
FR-180102
Piperidyl derivatives
Guanidine analogs
FR-145175
Triazolyl cephems
Anti-H. pylori action of cephems
Thiazolyl cephems
FR-182024
Macrolides with anti-H. pylori activity
Telithromycin
Cethromycin
NADH oxidase in metronidazole-resistant H. pylori
Bicyclic fluoroquinolone with anti-H. pylori activity
Y-26611
Y-34867
Structure and activity of natural quinolones against H. pylori
Rotenoids
TAK-083
BAS-118
Catechin derivatives
Pyloricidin derivatives
Nitazoxanide
Pyrrazolyl derivatives: inhibition of DHODase of H. pylori
Plautonol
Thiourea analogs of plautonol with H. pylori activity
Diol plaunotol analogs
Cabreuvin
Calvatic acid
Sulforaphane
Main Helicobacter species and their hosts a
Virulence factors of H. pylori
E-test methods for H. pylori
Influence of pH on anti-H. pylori activities of various antibacterials a
Zone size for metronidazole against H. pylori
Table 6 Prevalence of H. pylori resistance in Lisbon, Portugal
Prevalence of H. pylori isolates resistant to antibacterials in the United Kingdom
Prevalence of H. pylori isolates resistant to antibacterials in England
H. pylori resistance in children in Belgium
Epidemiological survey in Spain for H. pylori susceptibility in children
Prevalence (secondary) of H. pylori resistant strains in two geographical areas in Germany
Prevalence of H. pylori resistance to metronidazole in Europe from 1990 to 1991
Prevalence of H. pylori resistance to antibacterials in Europe in 1998
Rate of resistance of H. pylori to clarithromycin (MIC, >1.0 μg/ml) in the United States
Prevalence of metronidazole and clarithromycin resistance of H. pylori in two areas in Japan
Prevalence of H. pylori isolates resistant to antibacterials in Korea
Clarithromycin resistance of H. pylori in Brazil
Prevalence of H. pylori resistance in Lebanon
Prevalence of H. pylori resistance in Saudi Arabia
In vitro anti-H. pylori activity of bismuth salts (n = 16) a
Anti-Helicobacter activities of proton pump inhibitors
Activity against urease (measured by the indophenol method)
In vitro activities of H2-antagonists against H. pylori
Comparative anti-H. pylori activity of ebrotidine
Comparative anti-H. pylori activity of FR-180102
Anti-H. pylori activity of piperidyl derivative a
Anti-H2 activities of guanidino derivatives
Anti-H. pylori activities and anti-H2-receptors of furothiazolyl derivatives
Anti-H2 activity of a pyridyl derivative
Anti-H. pylori activity of FR-145715
Eradication of H. pylori in gnobiotic piglets with FR-145715
Amino acid changes in strain 69A (amoxicillin resistant)
Concentrations of amoxicillin and ampicillin in gastric tissue
Half-lives of degradation of antibacterials at pH 2.0
Intragastric pH gradient in humans a
Amoxicillin concentrations in serum and gastric tissues a
In vitro activity of FR-182024 against H. pylori isolates
In vitro activities of β-lactam antibiotics against H. pylori
In vitro comparative activities of fropenem and other antibacterials against H. pylori (n = 100)
In vitro activities of macrolides against H. pylori
Kinetics of macrolide interaction with H. pylori 70S ribosomes
Frequency of spontaneous mutation in H. pylori
Correlation between E. coli and H. pylori numeration
Gastric mucosa tissue concentration of roxithromycin
Gastric tissue level of clarithromycin and the main metabolite
Azithromycin concentrations in gastric juice and tissue
Gastric tissue concentration of erythromycin
In vitro activities of A-69334 and A-70310 against H. pylori
In vitro activity of telithromycin against H. pylori
In vitro activity of telithromycin against clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori
Influence of pH on determination of MICs for H. pylori
In vitro activity of ABT-773 against H. pylori
In vitro activity of ABT-773 against H. pylori isolates resistant to clarithromycin (n = 15)
In vitro activities of cyclines against H. pylori
In vitro activity of metronidazole against H. pylori
In vitro activity of metronidazole against competent and noncompetent H. pylori strainsa
In vitro activities of nitroimidazole analogs against H. pyloria
Pharmacokinetics of metronidazole in gastric juice with and without omeprazole
In vitro activities of quinolones against H. pylori
Anti-H. pylori activities of 7-morpholinoquinolones
In vitro activities of ansamycin derivatives
In vitro activities of rifalazil and KRM-1657
Bactericidal activities of ansamycins against H. pylori
Frequency of mutation induced with ansamycins against H. pylori
H. pylori: rpoB mutations a
In vitro activities of various antibacterials against H. pylori
In vitro activity of TAK-083 against H. pylori (n = 54)
In vitro activity of BAS-118 against H. pylori (n = 100)
In vitro activity of pyloricidin B against H. pylori (n = 50)
In vivo activity of pyloricidin B against H. pylori
In vitro activities of azole antifungals against H. pylori
Genes of pyrimidine biosynthesis and salvage pathways a
Anti-H. pylori activities of cytoprotective antiulcer agents (n = 14)
In vitro activity of sucralfate
In vitro activity of calvatic acid against H. pylori