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Chapter 5 : With Man’s Best Friend

Authors: Julie M. Collins1, Bennett Lorber2
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Affiliations: 1: Department of Medicine, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19140; 2: Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine and Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19140
Content Type: Trade
Publication Year: 2009

Category: General Interest

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Abstract:

The relationship between humans and dogs is an ancient one. The dog has been our workmate, protector, guide, and companion. Occasionally, however, pathogens may be transmitted from dogs to human beings, resulting in problems ranging from a trivial rash to life threatening bacteremia. These infections are reviewed in this chapter. Bacterial zoonoses transmissible from dogs to human beings include campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis, leptospirosis, and brucellosis. Campylobacteriosis is found throughout the world and is an important cause of human bacterial diarrhea, being as common as or more common than salmonellosis and shigellosis. The common clinical presentation of canine salmonellosis consists of fever, vomiting, and diarrhea (varying from watery to mucoid to bloody). The most severe form of leptospirosis, known as Weil's disease, is characterized by hepatic and renal dysfunction, hemorrhage, and circulatory collapse. The clinical manifestations of human toxocariasis are classified as visceral larva migrans (VLM), ocular larva migrans, and neurological toxocariasis. Children exposed to dogs treated for roundworm infection are less likely to have positive serologic tests for than children exposed to untreated dogs. Other preventive measures include removing children with pica from environments thought to be contaminated, prohibiting canine access to children's game areas, and frequently turning over sand in public parks. The majority of human infections with are asymptomatic. The disease is indolent, as cysts enlarge slowly over many years. The growing cysts may remain unilocular or become multilocular with the formation of daughter cysts.

Citation: Collins J, Lorber B. 2009. With Man’s Best Friend, p 127-152. In Schlossberg D (ed), Infections of Leisure, Fourth Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815950.ch5
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Tables

With Man’s Best Friend
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Citation: Collins J, Lorber B. 2009. With Man’s Best Friend, p 127-152. In Schlossberg D (ed), Infections of Leisure, Fourth Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815950.ch5
/content/10.1128/9781555815950.ch05.ch05tab01
TABLE 1
Etiologies to consider in patients with canine exposure
Generic image for table
TABLE 1

Etiologies to consider in patients with canine exposure

Citation: Collins J, Lorber B. 2009. With Man’s Best Friend, p 127-152. In Schlossberg D (ed), Infections of Leisure, Fourth Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555815950.ch5

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