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Chapter 16 : Vibrio
Authors:
Manuela Di Lorenzo1,
Michiel Stork1,
Alejandro F. Alice1,
Claudia S. López1,
Jorge H. Crosa1
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Affiliations:
1: Department of Molecular Microbiology L220, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year:
2004
Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis; Clinical Microbiology
Book DOI:
10.1128/9781555816544
Chapter DOI:
10.1128/9781555816544.ch16
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Vibrio, Page 1 of 2
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Abstract:
Gram-negative marine bacteria that belong to the genus Vibrio are commonly found as etiological agents of disease in humans and animals. Although in some of the Vibrio species a siderophore or heme-mediated mechanism of iron uptake could play an important role in virulence, additional virulence factors such as toxins, pili and flagella, hemolysins and cytolysins, lipopolysaccharide, and capsules are also required for the development of the disease. This chapter discusses siderophore and heme-mediated iron uptake systems in the vibrios and describes their roles as components of the virulence of these bacteria. It explains the anguibactin system of V. anguillarum, the vibriobactin system of V. cholerae, the vulnibactin system of V. vulnificus, and the vibrioferrin system of V.parahaemolyticus. Using different V. cholerae genes involved in heme utilization as probes against chromosomal DNA from several pathogenic vibrios, it was found that the heme iron utilization systems of V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, and V. fluvialis are similar at the DNA level to that of V. cholerae. Underscoring the findings at the DNA levels, it was also shown that some of the heme utilization proteins of V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. alginolyticus are functionally interchangeable.
Citation:
Di Lorenzo M, Stork M, Alice A, López C, Crosa J.
2004.
Vibrio,
p 241-255.
In
Crosa J, Mey A, Payne S,
Iron Transport in Bacteria.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816544.ch16
Figures
Vibrio
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Citation:
Di Lorenzo M, Stork M, Alice A, López C, Crosa J.
2004.
Vibrio,
p 241-255.
In
Crosa J, Mey A, Payne S,
Iron Transport in Bacteria.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816544.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555816544.chap16.fig16-1
FIGURE 1
Structures of siderophores produced by Vibrio species.
10.1128/9781555816544/fig16-1_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816544/fig16-1.gif
FIGURE 1
Structures of siderophores produced by Vibrio species.
Citation:
Di Lorenzo M, Stork M, Alice A, López C, Crosa J.
2004.
Vibrio,
p 241-255.
In
Crosa J, Mey A, Payne S,
Iron Transport in Bacteria.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816544.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555816544.chap16.fig16-2
FIGURE 2
Genetic organization of V. anguillarum anguibactin biosynthetic genes and proposed biosynthetic pathway.
10.1128/9781555816544/fig16-2_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816544/fig16-2.gif
FIGURE 2
Genetic organization of V. anguillarum anguibactin biosynthetic genes and proposed biosynthetic pathway.
Citation:
Di Lorenzo M, Stork M, Alice A, López C, Crosa J.
2004.
Vibrio,
p 241-255.
In
Crosa J, Mey A, Payne S,
Iron Transport in Bacteria.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816544.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555816544.chap16.fig16-3
FIGURE 3
Genetic organization of V. cholerae vibriobactin biosynthetic genes and biosynthetic pathway.
10.1128/9781555816544/fig16-3_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816544/fig16-3.gif
FIGURE 3
Genetic organization of V. cholerae vibriobactin biosynthetic genes and biosynthetic pathway.
Citation:
Di Lorenzo M, Stork M, Alice A, López C, Crosa J.
2004.
Vibrio,
p 241-255.
In
Crosa J, Mey A, Payne S,
Iron Transport in Bacteria.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816544.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555816544.chap16.fig16-4
FIGURE 4
Genetic organization of V. vulnificus vulnibactin biosynthetic genes and proposed biosynthetic pathway.
10.1128/9781555816544/fig16-4_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816544/fig16-4.gif
FIGURE 4
Genetic organization of V. vulnificus vulnibactin biosynthetic genes and proposed biosynthetic pathway.
Citation:
Di Lorenzo M, Stork M, Alice A, López C, Crosa J.
2004.
Vibrio,
p 241-255.
In
Crosa J, Mey A, Payne S,
Iron Transport in Bacteria.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816544.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555816544.chap16.fig16-5
FIGURE 5
Genetic organization of the different TonB system genes in V. cholerae, V. anguillarum, and V. vulnificus. For V. cholerae, the exbB2, exbD2, and tonB2 genes are on chromosome 1 while the tonb1, exbB1, and exbD1 genes are on chromosome 2. The hutB, hutC, and hutD genes encode periplasmic and inner membrane proteins involved in heme transport. For V. anguillarum; huvB, huvC, and huvD encode periplasmic and inner membrane proteins involved in heme transport; huvZ, and huvX encode proteins involved in heme transport; and huvA encodes the outer membrane heme receptor. For V. vulnificus, the exbB2 (VV20362), exbD2 (VV20361), tonB2 (VV20360) and tonB1 (VV21614), exbB1 (VV21613), exbD1 (VV21612), hutB (VV21611), hutC (VV21610), and hutD (VV21609) genes are placed in chromosome 2. Another tonB2 (VV10847) gene [together with the exbB2 (VV10485) and exbD2 (VV10846) genes] is placed in chromosome 1. These genes are in a putative operon with a gene that would encode an outer membrane receptor (VV10842). The numbers of the genes are from genomic sequence of the V. vulnificus CMCP6 strain (GenBank accession numbers, AE016796 and AE016795).
10.1128/9781555816544/fig16-5_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816544/fig16-5.gif
FIGURE 5
Genetic organization of the different TonB system genes in V. cholerae, V. anguillarum, and V. vulnificus. For V. cholerae, the exbB2, exbD2, and tonB2 genes are on chromosome 1 while the tonb1, exbB1, and exbD1 genes are on chromosome 2. The hutB, hutC, and hutD genes encode periplasmic and inner membrane proteins involved in heme transport. For V. anguillarum; huvB, huvC, and huvD encode periplasmic and inner membrane proteins involved in heme transport; huvZ, and huvX encode proteins involved in heme transport; and huvA encodes the outer membrane heme receptor. For V. vulnificus, the exbB2 (VV20362), exbD2 (VV20361), tonB2 (VV20360) and tonB1 (VV21614), exbB1 (VV21613), exbD1 (VV21612), hutB (VV21611), hutC (VV21610), and hutD (VV21609) genes are placed in chromosome 2. Another tonB2 (VV10847) gene [together with the exbB2 (VV10485) and exbD2 (VV10846) genes] is placed in chromosome 1. These genes are in a putative operon with a gene that would encode an outer membrane receptor (VV10842). The numbers of the genes are from genomic sequence of the V. vulnificus CMCP6 strain (GenBank accession numbers, AE016796 and AE016795).
Citation:
Di Lorenzo M, Stork M, Alice A, López C, Crosa J.
2004.
Vibrio,
p 241-255.
In
Crosa J, Mey A, Payne S,
Iron Transport in Bacteria.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816544.ch16
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Tables
Vibrio
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Citation:
Di Lorenzo M, Stork M, Alice A, López C, Crosa J.
2004.
Vibrio,
p 241-255.
In
Crosa J, Mey A, Payne S,
Iron Transport in Bacteria.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816544.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555816544.chap16.tab16-1
TABLE 1
Pathogenic Vibrio species
10.1128/9781555816544/tab16-1_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816544/tab16-1.gif
TABLE 1
Pathogenic Vibrio species
Citation:
Di Lorenzo M, Stork M, Alice A, López C, Crosa J.
2004.
Vibrio,
p 241-255.
In
Crosa J, Mey A, Payne S,
Iron Transport in Bacteria.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816544.ch16