
Full text loading...
Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis; Clinical Microbiology
Vibrio, Page 1 of 2
< Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555816544/9781555812928_Chap16-1.gif /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555816544/9781555812928_Chap16-2.gifAbstract:
Gram-negative marine bacteria that belong to the genus Vibrio are commonly found as etiological agents of disease in humans and animals. Although in some of the Vibrio species a siderophore or heme-mediated mechanism of iron uptake could play an important role in virulence, additional virulence factors such as toxins, pili and flagella, hemolysins and cytolysins, lipopolysaccharide, and capsules are also required for the development of the disease. This chapter discusses siderophore and heme-mediated iron uptake systems in the vibrios and describes their roles as components of the virulence of these bacteria. It explains the anguibactin system of V. anguillarum, the vibriobactin system of V. cholerae, the vulnibactin system of V. vulnificus, and the vibrioferrin system of V.parahaemolyticus. Using different V. cholerae genes involved in heme utilization as probes against chromosomal DNA from several pathogenic vibrios, it was found that the heme iron utilization systems of V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, and V. fluvialis are similar at the DNA level to that of V. cholerae. Underscoring the findings at the DNA levels, it was also shown that some of the heme utilization proteins of V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. alginolyticus are functionally interchangeable.
Full text loading...
Structures of siderophores produced by Vibrio species.
Structures of siderophores produced by Vibrio species.
Genetic organization of V. anguillarum anguibactin biosynthetic genes and proposed biosynthetic pathway.
Genetic organization of V. anguillarum anguibactin biosynthetic genes and proposed biosynthetic pathway.
Genetic organization of V. cholerae vibriobactin biosynthetic genes and biosynthetic pathway.
Genetic organization of V. cholerae vibriobactin biosynthetic genes and biosynthetic pathway.
Genetic organization of V. vulnificus vulnibactin biosynthetic genes and proposed biosynthetic pathway.
Genetic organization of V. vulnificus vulnibactin biosynthetic genes and proposed biosynthetic pathway.
Genetic organization of the different TonB system genes in V. cholerae, V. anguillarum, and V. vulnificus. For V. cholerae, the exbB2, exbD2, and tonB2 genes are on chromosome 1 while the tonb1, exbB1, and exbD1 genes are on chromosome 2. The hutB, hutC, and hutD genes encode periplasmic and inner membrane proteins involved in heme transport. For V. anguillarum; huvB, huvC, and huvD encode periplasmic and inner membrane proteins involved in heme transport; huvZ, and huvX encode proteins involved in heme transport; and huvA encodes the outer membrane heme receptor. For V. vulnificus, the exbB2 (VV20362), exbD2 (VV20361), tonB2 (VV20360) and tonB1 (VV21614), exbB1 (VV21613), exbD1 (VV21612), hutB (VV21611), hutC (VV21610), and hutD (VV21609) genes are placed in chromosome 2. Another tonB2 (VV10847) gene [together with the exbB2 (VV10485) and exbD2 (VV10846) genes] is placed in chromosome 1. These genes are in a putative operon with a gene that would encode an outer membrane receptor (VV10842). The numbers of the genes are from genomic sequence of the V. vulnificus CMCP6 strain (GenBank accession numbers, AE016796 and AE016795).
Genetic organization of the different TonB system genes in V. cholerae, V. anguillarum, and V. vulnificus. For V. cholerae, the exbB2, exbD2, and tonB2 genes are on chromosome 1 while the tonb1, exbB1, and exbD1 genes are on chromosome 2. The hutB, hutC, and hutD genes encode periplasmic and inner membrane proteins involved in heme transport. For V. anguillarum; huvB, huvC, and huvD encode periplasmic and inner membrane proteins involved in heme transport; huvZ, and huvX encode proteins involved in heme transport; and huvA encodes the outer membrane heme receptor. For V. vulnificus, the exbB2 (VV20362), exbD2 (VV20361), tonB2 (VV20360) and tonB1 (VV21614), exbB1 (VV21613), exbD1 (VV21612), hutB (VV21611), hutC (VV21610), and hutD (VV21609) genes are placed in chromosome 2. Another tonB2 (VV10847) gene [together with the exbB2 (VV10485) and exbD2 (VV10846) genes] is placed in chromosome 1. These genes are in a putative operon with a gene that would encode an outer membrane receptor (VV10842). The numbers of the genes are from genomic sequence of the V. vulnificus CMCP6 strain (GenBank accession numbers, AE016796 and AE016795).
Pathogenic Vibrio species
Pathogenic Vibrio species