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Chapter 2 : Moshe Benziman and the Discovery of Cyclic Di-GMP
Authors:
Dorit Amikam1,
Haim Weinhouse3,
Michael Y. Galperin4
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Affiliations:
1: Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa 31096;
2: Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, Tel-Hai Academic College, Tel-Hai 12210, Israel (retired);
3: Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute for Life Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel;
4: National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year:
2010
Category: Microbial Genetics and Molecular Biology
Book DOI:
10.1128/9781555816667
Chapter DOI:
10.1128/9781555816667.ch2
MyBook is a cheap paperback edition of the original book and will be sold at uniform, low price.
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Moshe Benziman and the Discovery of Cyclic Di-GMP, Page 1 of 2
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Abstract:
The story of cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP), the subject of this chapter, now recognized as a universal bacterial second messenger. A cellulose molecule is a homopolymer of D-glucose residues linked in β-1,4-glucosidic bonds. The nature of the immediate precursor of cellulose, UDP-glucose, has been identified, and the biochemical pathways leading to its formation have been established. The work of Moshe Benziman, his students, and his colleagues, who studied cellulose biosynthesis in a relatively simple bacterial model, made a major contribution toward a better understanding of cellulose biosynthesis. The complexity of the plant cell wall biogenesis makes studies of the cellulose biosynthesis in plants a very difficult task and prompted the search for a more convenient experimental model. A series of experiments was aimed at pinpointing the cellulose biosynthesis pathway and identifying the immediate precursor of cellulose. The discovery of the GTP-mediated activation of cellulose synthase provided the platform for an important advance, solubilization of the high-activity enzyme system while preserving its capability to respond to the GTP-mediated regulatory mechanism. The finding that the regulatory protein, necessary for activation of the Gluconacetobacter xylinus cellulose synthase, was actually a diguanylate cyclase (cyclic Di-GMP (c-di-GMP) synthase, DGC) constituted a key step toward characterization of the enzymes involved in biosynthesis and hydrolysis of c-di-GMP. The discovery of c-di-GMP presented a tempting platform to study molecular pathways possibly connected to this nucleotide, not only in other bacteria but also in eukaryotic systems.
Citation:
Amikam D, Weinhouse H, Galperin M.
2010.
Moshe Benziman and the Discovery of Cyclic Di-GMP,
p 11-23.
In
Wolfe A, Visick K (ed),
The Second Messenger Cyclic Di-GMP.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816667.ch2
Figures
Moshe Benziman and the Discovery of Cyclic Di-GMP
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Citation:
Amikam D, Weinhouse H, Galperin M.
2010.
Moshe Benziman and the Discovery of Cyclic Di-GMP,
p 11-23.
In
Wolfe A, Visick K (ed),
The Second Messenger Cyclic Di-GMP.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816667.ch2
/content/10.1128/9781555816667.ch02.ch02fig01
Figure 1.
Moshe Benziman in a 1996 photograph.
10.1128/9781555816667/f0012-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816667/f0012-01.gif
Figure 1.
Moshe Benziman in a 1996 photograph.
Citation:
Amikam D, Weinhouse H, Galperin M.
2010.
Moshe Benziman and the Discovery of Cyclic Di-GMP,
p 11-23.
In
Wolfe A, Visick K (ed),
The Second Messenger Cyclic Di-GMP.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816667.ch2
/content/10.1128/9781555816667.ch02.ch02fig02
Figure 2.
(A) Dorit Amikam as a visiting scientist in Moshe Benziman’s laboratory in 1987. (B) Moshe Benziman with his favorite pipe.
10.1128/9781555816667/f0012-02_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816667/f0012-02.gif
Figure 2.
(A) Dorit Amikam as a visiting scientist in Moshe Benziman’s laboratory in 1987. (B) Moshe Benziman with his favorite pipe.
Citation:
Amikam D, Weinhouse H, Galperin M.
2010.
Moshe Benziman and the Discovery of Cyclic Di-GMP,
p 11-23.
In
Wolfe A, Visick K (ed),
The Second Messenger Cyclic Di-GMP.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816667.ch2
/content/10.1128/9781555816667.ch02.ch02fig03
Figure 3.
Cellulose pellicle formed by a static culture of G. xylinus after 24 h at 30°C (reprinted from reference
67
with permission).
10.1128/9781555816667/f0013-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816667/f0013-01.gif
Figure 3.
Cellulose pellicle formed by a static culture of G. xylinus after 24 h at 30°C (reprinted from reference 67 with permission).
Citation:
Amikam D, Weinhouse H, Galperin M.
2010.
Moshe Benziman and the Discovery of Cyclic Di-GMP,
p 11-23.
In
Wolfe A, Visick K (ed),
The Second Messenger Cyclic Di-GMP.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816667.ch2
/content/10.1128/9781555816667.ch02.ch02fig04
Figure 4.
A model for regulation of cellulose biosynthesis in G. xylinus by c-di-GMP (reprinted from reference
67
with permission).
10.1128/9781555816667/f0016-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816667/f0016-01.gif
Figure 4.
A model for regulation of cellulose biosynthesis in G. xylinus by c-di-GMP (reprinted from reference 67 with permission).
Citation:
Amikam D, Weinhouse H, Galperin M.
2010.
Moshe Benziman and the Discovery of Cyclic Di-GMP,
p 11-23.
In
Wolfe A, Visick K (ed),
The Second Messenger Cyclic Di-GMP.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816667.ch2
/content/10.1128/9781555816667.ch02.f00017-01
Untitled
10.1128/9781555816667/f0017-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816667/f0017-01.gif
Untitled
Citation:
Amikam D, Weinhouse H, Galperin M.
2010.
Moshe Benziman and the Discovery of Cyclic Di-GMP,
p 11-23.
In
Wolfe A, Visick K (ed),
The Second Messenger Cyclic Di-GMP.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816667.ch2
/content/10.1128/9781555816667.ch02.ch02fig05
Figure 5.
Organization of cdg operons in G. xylinus (reprinted from reference
79
with permission).
10.1128/9781555816667/f0017-02_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816667/f0017-02.gif
Figure 5.
Organization of cdg operons in G. xylinus (reprinted from reference 79 with permission).
Citation:
Amikam D, Weinhouse H, Galperin M.
2010.
Moshe Benziman and the Discovery of Cyclic Di-GMP,
p 11-23.
In
Wolfe A, Visick K (ed),
The Second Messenger Cyclic Di-GMP.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816667.ch2
/content/10.1128/9781555816667.ch02.ch02fig06
Figure 6.
Domain architectures of DGC1 and PDE-A1. Graphical representations in the SMART database (
51
) of the domain structure of the dgcl and pdeA1 gene products (GenBank accession no. AF052517; UniProt entries O87374 and O87373, respectively).
10.1128/9781555816667/f0018-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816667/f0018-01.gif
Figure 6.
Domain architectures of DGC1 and PDE-A1. Graphical representations in the SMART database ( 51 ) of the domain structure of the dgcl and pdeA1 gene products (GenBank accession no. AF052517; UniProt entries O87374 and O87373, respectively).
Citation:
Amikam D, Weinhouse H, Galperin M.
2010.
Moshe Benziman and the Discovery of Cyclic Di-GMP,
p 11-23.
In
Wolfe A, Visick K (ed),
The Second Messenger Cyclic Di-GMP.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555816667.ch2
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