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Chapter 8 : Genetics of the Heme Pathway and Its Regulation

Author: Thomas Elliott1
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Affiliations: 1: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 2011

Category: History of Science; Microbial Genetics and Molecular Biology

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Abstract:

In the spring of 1984, the author decided to study the regulation of heme biosynthetic enzymes and thereby contribute in a peripheral way to the B project. This review presents a personal view of the pathway for heme biosynthesis and its regulation in the enteric bacteria and . The chapter emphasizes the genetic aspects with some historical perspective. It discusses what is known about regulation of the heme pathway in these bacteria. The HemA protein is quite unstable in cells growing normally, but it is stabilized by more than 10-fold specifically under conditions of heme limitation. The chapter suggests three simple models for HemA regulation. In the first model, the ATP concentration in vivo is postulated to decrease during heme-limited growth to a point that ATP becomes limiting for energy-dependent proteolysis. Second, when the Lon and ClpAP proteases act on HemA, the K for ATP might be higher than for other substrates. Finally, the third model supposes that the protease-sensitive conformation is stabilized by formation of a disulfide bond, which is favored when the cell has excess oxidation capacity.

Citation: Elliott T. 2011. Genetics of the Heme Pathway and Its Regulation, p 65-74. In Maloy S, Hughes K, Casadesús J (ed), The Lure of Bacterial Genetics. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555816810.ch8
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Genetics of the Heme Pathway and Its Regulation
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Citation: Elliott T. 2011. Genetics of the Heme Pathway and Its Regulation, p 65-74. In Maloy S, Hughes K, Casadesús J (ed), The Lure of Bacterial Genetics. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555816810.ch8
/content/10.1128/9781555816810.ch08.ch08fig01
FIGURE 1
Genetic steps of heme biosynthesis and side pathways.
10.1128/9781555816810/f0067-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816810/f0067-01.gif
Image of FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1

Genetic steps of heme biosynthesis and side pathways.

Citation: Elliott T. 2011. Genetics of the Heme Pathway and Its Regulation, p 65-74. In Maloy S, Hughes K, Casadesús J (ed), The Lure of Bacterial Genetics. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555816810.ch8
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/content/10.1128/9781555816810.ch08.ch08fig02
FIGURE 2
Cells of a mutant grow in response to a localized application of heme, and accumulate uroporphyrin III (visible by red fluorescence under UV light) in the region where cells are heme-limited. (Adapted from reference .)
10.1128/9781555816810/f0070-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816810/f0070-01.gif
Image of FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2

Cells of a mutant grow in response to a localized application of heme, and accumulate uroporphyrin III (visible by red fluorescence under UV light) in the region where cells are heme-limited. (Adapted from reference .)

Citation: Elliott T. 2011. Genetics of the Heme Pathway and Its Regulation, p 65-74. In Maloy S, Hughes K, Casadesús J (ed), The Lure of Bacterial Genetics. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555816810.ch8
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FIGURE 3
Three simple models for HemA regulation. (Reprinted from reference .)
10.1128/9781555816810/f0072-01_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555816810/f0072-01.gif
Image of FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3

Three simple models for HemA regulation. (Reprinted from reference .)

Citation: Elliott T. 2011. Genetics of the Heme Pathway and Its Regulation, p 65-74. In Maloy S, Hughes K, Casadesús J (ed), The Lure of Bacterial Genetics. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555816810.ch8
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References

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