Color Plates
Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis
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Color Plate 1
(chapter 6). Genetic diversity of E. coli. Dendrogram based on nucleotide sequence data for seven genes (37). Phylogroup A strains are denoted in green, B1 strains in blue, E strains in olive, B2 strains in red, and D strains in pink. Strains not assigned to a phylogroup are indicated by a black line.

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Color Plate 2
(chapter 7). Distribution of E. coli clones by host over time among five human household members and their pet dog. Each color represents a different unique clone (14 total clones, arbitrarily designated A to N). Width of each rectangle is proportional to the number of colonies accounted for by the particular clone among the total number of colonies analyzed from the particular sample (usually five colonies per sample). Sequential sampling # and week #, counting from the mother’s initial UTI episode, is shown below the chart. Rectangles with heavy black borders indicate symptomatic UTI episodes (mother, sampling #1; dog, sampling #4). Gray and white background = humans; buff background = dog. Adapted with permission from reference 17.

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Color Plate 3
(chapter 17). Minimum spanning tree of 39 genotypes of E. coli O157:H7 based on SNPs detected at 96 loci. The circle sizes indicate the frequencies estimated for 538 strains from clinical cases. The pie charts show the percentage of O157 strains of each SNP genotype positive for the common (stx 2) Shiga toxin gene (green) or for the variant (stx 2c) Shiga toxin and its phage genes (red). Gray circles mark strains with no detectable stx genes or missing data (n = 14). The numbers between each SNP genotype represent the number of SNP differences; those with more than four differences are indicated by a dashed line. Clade 9 represents strains with ancestral traits (SOR positive, GUD positive); all other clades have strains with derived traits (SOR negative, GUD negative). Illustration created by Thomas S. Whittam, 2007.