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Chapter 10 : Accentuate the Positive: Dissimilatory Iron Reduction by Gram-Positive Bacteria

Authors: Kelly C. Wrighton1, Anna E. Engelbrektson2, Iain C. Clark3, Ryan A. Melnyk4, John D. Coates5
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Affiliations: 1: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720; 2: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720; 3: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720; 4: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720; 5: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, and Earth Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 2011

Category: Applied and Industrial Microbiology; Environmental Microbiology

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Abstract:

This chapter presents an overview of gram-positive dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacteria (DIRB), with a focus toward obligate dissimilatory bacteria. To complement the phylogeny, the physiology of obligate gram-positive DIRB is characterized, including the physical properties of the habitat, mineral forms of iron reduced, and alternative metal and nonmetal electron acceptors utilized. The chapter summarizes current results and putative models for extracellular electron transfer by gram-positive bacteria. To support hypotheses for gram-positive extracellular electron transfer at the molecular level, this chapter incorporates both physiological and genomic information on several gram-positive DIRB. Researchers use a variety of experimental approaches to define extracellular electron transfer mechanisms in DIRB. While some hyperthermophilic DIRB have been demonstrated to show an obligate utilization of Fe(III) as an electron acceptor, gram-positive DIRB are biochemically unconstrained with organisms capable of growth across a wide range of environmental conditions and capable of utilization of multiple terminal electron acceptors in addition to Fe(III) reduction. Future research is directed to understanding how -type cytochromes are integrated into the physiology and ecology of gram-positive DIRB. To understand this process at a molecular level, continued mechanistic studies using phylogenetically distinct gram-positive DIRB are required. In addition, further characterization of obligatory DIRB is also required to expand the known phylogenetic, ecological, and physiological understanding of these organisms and their relationship to environmental processes.

Citation: Wrighton K, Engelbrektson A, Clark I, Melnyk R, Coates J. 2011. Accentuate the Positive: Dissimilatory Iron Reduction by Gram-Positive Bacteria, p 173-194. In Stolz J, Oremland R (ed), Microbial Metal and Metalloid Metabolism. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817190.ch10
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Tables

Accentuate the Positive: Dissimilatory Iron Reduction by Gram-Positive Bacteria
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Citation: Wrighton K, Engelbrektson A, Clark I, Melnyk R, Coates J. 2011. Accentuate the Positive: Dissimilatory Iron Reduction by Gram-Positive Bacteria, p 173-194. In Stolz J, Oremland R (ed), Microbial Metal and Metalloid Metabolism. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817190.ch10
/content/10.1128/9781555817190.ch10.ch10tab01
TABLE 1
Gram-positive bacteria capable of dissimilatory reduction of Fe(III) during growth
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TABLE 1

Gram-positive bacteria capable of dissimilatory reduction of Fe(III) during growth

Citation: Wrighton K, Engelbrektson A, Clark I, Melnyk R, Coates J. 2011. Accentuate the Positive: Dissimilatory Iron Reduction by Gram-Positive Bacteria, p 173-194. In Stolz J, Oremland R (ed), Microbial Metal and Metalloid Metabolism. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817190.ch10
/content/10.1128/9781555817190.ch10.ch10tab02
TABLE 2
The genome gram-positive DIRB that have genome sequences and abundance of multiheme -cytochromes
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TABLE 2

The genome gram-positive DIRB that have genome sequences and abundance of multiheme -cytochromes

Citation: Wrighton K, Engelbrektson A, Clark I, Melnyk R, Coates J. 2011. Accentuate the Positive: Dissimilatory Iron Reduction by Gram-Positive Bacteria, p 173-194. In Stolz J, Oremland R (ed), Microbial Metal and Metalloid Metabolism. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817190.ch10

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