Chlamydia Vaccine: Progress and Challenges

Ashlesh K. Murthy; Bernard P. Arulanandam; Guangming Zhong

doi:10.1128/9781555817329.ch14

Chapter 14 : Chlamydia Vaccine: Progress and Challenges

Authors: Ashlesh K. Murthy¹, Bernard P. Arulanandam², Guangming Zhong³

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Affiliations: 1: Department of Pathology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515; 2: South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249; 3: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229

Content Type: Monograph

Publication Year: 2012

Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis

Book DOI: 10.1128/9781555817329

Chapter DOI: 10.1128/9781555817329.ch14

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Abstract:

The accumulated body of evidence has provided important guiding principles for Chlamydia vaccine development. They are: (i) whole-organism vaccine preparations may be efficacious, as animal studies and the trachoma trials have suggested; (ii) a multisub-unit component vaccine should likely include combinations of serovar/biovar-specific protective antigens; and (iii) the prevention of pathological sequelae and the reduction of the incidence of infection should be the driving forces in vaccine development. Live chlamydial infections induce the best protective immunity in both humans and mice when compared to immunization with either dead organisms or component antigens. In a gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting approach, chlamydial antigens derived from purified organisms or Chlamydia-infected cells are subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-GE) and then probed with sera from Chlamydia-seropositive humans. Chlamydial proteins are labeled during growth with radioactive amino acids, and individual antigens from lysed chlamydial organisms or Chlamydia-infected cells that are recognized by patient sera are first immunoprecipitated and then resolved using 2D-GE. A genome expression library screen for immunogenicity followed by DNA immunization has been used to identify four housekeeping genes that induced robust protective immunity against Chlamydia abortus lung infection in mice. Collectively, contemporary technologies have enabled considerable progress in Chlamydia vaccine development in the recent past, but several issues remain to be addressed before advancing the identified antigens into human clinical trials.

Citation: Murthy A, Arulanandam B, Zhong G. 2012. Chlamydia Vaccine: Progress and Challenges, p 311-333. In Tan M, Bavoil P (ed), Intracellular Pathogens I: Chlamydiales. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817329.ch14

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Chlamydia Vaccine: Progress and Challenges

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FIGURE 1

Scheme for Chlamydia vaccine candidate identification and evaluation. doi:10.1128/9781555817329.ch14.f1

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FIGURE 1

Scheme for Chlamydia vaccine candidate identification and evaluation. doi:10.1128/9781555817329.ch14.f1

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FIGURE 2

Classification scheme showing a Chlamydia-infected cell and four classes of chlamydial antigens that are potential vaccine candidates. doi:10.1128/9781555817329.ch14.f2

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10.1128/9781555817329/fig14-2.gif

FIGURE 2

Classification scheme showing a Chlamydia-infected cell and four classes of chlamydial antigens that are potential vaccine candidates. doi:10.1128/9781555817329.ch14.f2

References

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