Parvovirus B19 and Bocaviruses

Kevin E. Brown

doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch106

Chapter 106 : Parvovirus B19 and Bocaviruses

Author: Kevin E. Brown

Content Type: Reference

Publication Year: 2015

Category: Clinical Microbiology

Book DOI: 10.1128/9781555817381

Chapter DOI: 10.1128/9781555817381.ch106

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Abstract:

Parvoviruses are small (∼22-nm-diameter), nonenveloped, icosahedral viruses with a linear, single-stranded DNA genome. Four different parvoviruses are known to infect humans, with parvovirus B19 (B19V) and human bocavirus type 1 (HBoV1) causing clinical disease. The significance of infection with other members of the Bocavirus genus or parvovirus 4 is less clear, but adeno-associated virus infections appear to be nonpathogenic. B19V is highly erythrotropic and replicates efficiently in bone marrow progenitor cells. Infection may lead to transient aplastic crisis, chronic anemia, fetal loss, or rash illness with or without arthropathy, depending on the host. Diagnosis is predominantly by either detection of the serologic response (IgM) or quantitative PCR, depending on the presentation. HBoV1 infects the airway epithelia and is associated with respiratory infection in young children. Diagnosis is also by detection of the serologic response (IgM or low-avidity IgG) or quantitative PCR.

Citation: Brown K. 2015. Parvovirus B19 and Bocaviruses, p 1818-1827. In Jorgensen J, Pfaller M, Carroll K, Funke G, Landry M, Richter S, Warnock D (ed), Manual of Clinical Microbiology, Eleventh Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817381.ch106

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Parvovirus B19 and Bocaviruses

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FIGURE 1

Immune electron microscopy image of B19V, showing typical 22-nm-diameter particles clumped together with a polyclonal human serum. Image courtesy of Hazel Appleton. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch106.f1

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10.1128/9781555817381/9781555817381.ch106.f1.gif

FIGURE 1

Immune electron microscopy image of B19V, showing typical 22-nm-diameter particles clumped together with a polyclonal human serum. Image courtesy of Hazel Appleton. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch106.f1

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FIGURE 2

Time course of B19V infections in (A) healthy individuals, (B) patients with transient aplastic crisis, and (C) immunosuppressed patients. PRCA, pure red cell aplasia. Reprinted with permission of Massachusetts Medical Society from reference 115 . doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch106.f2

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FIGURE 2

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FIGURE 3

Giant pronormoblast (lantern cell) typical of B19V infection. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch106.f3

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FIGURE 3

Giant pronormoblast (lantern cell) typical of B19V infection. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch106.f3

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FIGURE 4

Immunohistochemistry of infected erythroid progenitor cells from human fetal liver, stained with anticapsid antibody. Note the typical intranuclear localization of capsid protein. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch106.f4

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FIGURE 4

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FIGURE 5

Bocavirus VLPs expressed in insect cells. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch106.f5

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FIGURE 5

Bocavirus VLPs expressed in insect cells. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch106.f5

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Tables

Parvovirus B19 and Bocaviruses

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TABLE 1

Clinical diseases associated with parvovirus B19 infection and methods of diagnosis

TABLE 1

Clinical diseases associated with parvovirus B19 infection and methods of diagnosis