Specimen Collection, Transport, and Processing: Bacteriology*

Ellen Jo Baron

doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18

Chapter 18 : Specimen Collection, Transport, and Processing: Bacteriology*

Author: Ellen Jo Baron

Content Type: Reference

Publication Year: 2015

Category: Clinical Microbiology

Book DOI: 10.1128/9781555817381

Chapter DOI: 10.1128/9781555817381.ch18

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Specimen Collection, Transport, and Processing: Bacteriology*, Page 1 of 2

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Abstract:

This chapter provides a detailed description of collection, transport, and initial handling of all sample types submitted for bacteriological studies. It includes guidance on specimen rejection, choice of specimen based on syndrome, media, molecular tests available, and Gram stain interpretations.

Citation: Baron E. 2015. Specimen Collection, Transport, and Processing: Bacteriology*, p 270-315. In Jorgensen J, Pfaller M, Carroll K, Funke G, Landry M, Richter S, Warnock D (ed), Manual of Clinical Microbiology, Eleventh Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817381.ch18

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Specimen Collection, Transport, and Processing: Bacteriology*

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FIGURE 1

(row 1, left) Gram stain (×100) of surgical wound showing elastin fibers. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18.f1.

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10.1128/9781555817381/9781555817381.ch18.f1.gif

FIGURE 1

(row 1, left) Gram stain (×100) of surgical wound showing elastin fibers. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18.f1.

/content/10.1128/9781555817381.mcm11.ch18.ch18.fig002

FIGURE 2

(row 1, right) Gram stain (×1,000) of sputum showing Curschmann’s spirals. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18.f2.

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FIGURE 2

(row 1, right) Gram stain (×1,000) of sputum showing Curschmann’s spirals. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18.f2.

/content/10.1128/9781555817381.mcm11.ch18.ch18.fig003

FIGURE 3

(row 2, left) Gram stain (×1,000) of vaginal secretions showing clue cells. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18.f3.

10.1128/9781555817381/9781555817381.ch18.f3_thmb.gif

10.1128/9781555817381/9781555817381.ch18.f3.gif

FIGURE 3

(row 2, left) Gram stain (×1,000) of vaginal secretions showing clue cells. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18.f3.

/content/10.1128/9781555817381.mcm11.ch18.ch18.fig004

FIGURE 4

(row 2, right) Gram stain (×100) of unacceptable sputum specimen (grossly contaminated with members of the oropharyngeal microbiota) showing >10 SECs per low-power field. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18.f4.

10.1128/9781555817381/9781555817381.ch18.f4_thmb.gif

10.1128/9781555817381/9781555817381.ch18.f4.gif

FIGURE 4

/content/10.1128/9781555817381.mcm11.ch18.ch18.fig005

FIGURE 5

(row 3, left) Gram stain (×100) of acceptable sputum specimen showing <10 SECs per low-power field. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18.f5.

10.1128/9781555817381/9781555817381.ch18.f5_thmb.gif

10.1128/9781555817381/9781555817381.ch18.f5.gif

FIGURE 5

(row 3, left) Gram stain (×100) of acceptable sputum specimen showing <10 SECs per low-power field. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18.f5.

/content/10.1128/9781555817381.mcm11.ch18.ch18.fig006

FIGURE 6

(row 3, right) Gram stain (×100) of urine showing 4+ SECs, indicating gross contamination with vaginal or periurethral secretions and bacteria. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18.f6.

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10.1128/9781555817381/9781555817381.ch18.f6.gif

FIGURE 6

(row 3, right) Gram stain (×100) of urine showing 4+ SECs, indicating gross contamination with vaginal or periurethral secretions and bacteria. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18.f6.

/content/10.1128/9781555817381.mcm11.ch18.ch18.fig007

FIGURE 7

(row 4, left) Gram stain (×1,000) of urine showing PMNs and 4+ Gram-negative bacilli. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18.f7.

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10.1128/9781555817381/9781555817381.ch18.f7.gif

FIGURE 7

(row 4, left) Gram stain (×1,000) of urine showing PMNs and 4+ Gram-negative bacilli. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18.f7.

/content/10.1128/9781555817381.mcm11.ch18.ch18.fig008

FIGURE 8

(row 4, right) Gram stain (×1,000) of a wound showing PMNs, mixed bacterial morphotypes suggesting aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and both intra- and extracellular bacteria. This appearance suggests a mixed aerobic and anaerobic abscess or closed-space infection. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch18.f8.

10.1128/9781555817381/9781555817381.ch18.f8_thmb.gif

10.1128/9781555817381/9781555817381.ch18.f8.gif

FIGURE 8

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Tables

Specimen Collection, Transport, and Processing: Bacteriology*

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TABLE 1

Selection of common clinical specimens for bacterial culture a

TABLE 1

Selection of common clinical specimens for bacterial culture a

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TABLE 2

Collection, transport, and storage guidelines for microbiological laboratory diagnostic studies a

TABLE 2

Collection, transport, and storage guidelines for microbiological laboratory diagnostic studies a

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TABLE 3

Suitability of various specimens for anaerobic culture

TABLE 3

Suitability of various specimens for anaerobic culture

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TABLE 4

Specimen management for infrequently encountered organisms a

TABLE 4

Specimen management for infrequently encountered organisms a

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TABLE 5

Screening specimens requested for routine bacterial culture to ensure quality a

TABLE 5

Screening specimens requested for routine bacterial culture to ensure quality a

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TABLE 6

Suggested priority list for accessioning samples received for bacteriology studies a

TABLE 6

Suggested priority list for accessioning samples received for bacteriology studies a

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TABLE 7a

Recommendations for Gram stain and plating media for bacteriology specimens or organisms

TABLE 7a

Recommendations for Gram stain and plating media for bacteriology specimens or organisms

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TABLE 8

Usual etiologies of selected infectious disease syndromes

TABLE 8

Usual etiologies of selected infectious disease syndromes

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TABLE 9

Recommended blood volumes to obtain for blood cultures a

TABLE 9

Recommended blood volumes to obtain for blood cultures a

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TABLE 10

Diagnosis of BV using a Gram-stained smear of vaginal secretions, by the Vaginal Infection and Prematurity Study Group criteria a

TABLE 10

Diagnosis of BV using a Gram-stained smear of vaginal secretions, by the Vaginal Infection and Prematurity Study Group criteria a

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TABLE 11

Interpretation of bacterial lower respiratory tract culture results a

TABLE 11

Interpretation of bacterial lower respiratory tract culture results a

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TABLE 12

Interpretation of urine culture results a

TABLE 12

Interpretation of urine culture results a