Peptostreptococcus, Finegoldia, Anaerococcus, Peptoniphilus, Veillonella, and Other Anaerobic Cocci

Yuli Song; Sydney M. Finegold

doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch51

Chapter 51 : Peptostreptococcus, Finegoldia, Anaerococcus, Peptoniphilus, Veillonella, and Other Anaerobic Cocci

Authors: Yuli Song, Sydney M. Finegold

Content Type: Reference

Publication Year: 2015

Category: Clinical Microbiology

Book DOI: 10.1128/9781555817381

Chapter DOI: 10.1128/9781555817381.ch51

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Abstract:

This chapter describes a group of bacteria that consists of obligately anaerobic non-spore-forming cocci. This group has undergone extensive taxonomic changes during the last decades, including the addition of new genera and species. These bacteria are opportunistic pathogens and can cause various infections involving all areas of the human body. The focus of this chapter is the description of the taxa that are recovered from human clinical materials thought to be medically relevant in terms of their taxonomy, clinical significance, isolation, and identification in clinical settings.

Citation: Song Y, Finegold S. 2015. Peptostreptococcus, Finegoldia, Anaerococcus, Peptoniphilus, Veillonella, and Other Anaerobic Cocci, p 909-919. In Jorgensen J, Pfaller M, Carroll K, Funke G, Landry M, Richter S, Warnock D (ed), Manual of Clinical Microbiology, Eleventh Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817381.ch51

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Peptostreptococcus, Finegoldia, Anaerococcus, Peptoniphilus, Veillonella, and Other Anaerobic Cocci

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FIGURE 1

Flowchart with key characteristics for identification and differentiation of GPAC. a, SPS test was done using an SPS disk (5% SPS; Anaerobe Systems, Morgan Hill, CA). All GPAC are sensitive to SPS except for P. anaerobius, which gives a zone of inhibition of ≥12 mm around an SPS disk. P. micra also exhibits a zone of inhibition with SPS; however, the zone is usually <12 mm. R, no zone or zone of inhibition is <12 mm; S, zone of inhibition is ≥12 mm. b, All the enzymatic tests were done using Rapid ID 32A systems (API bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. β-GAL, β-galactosidase; α-GLU, α-glucosidase; β-GUR, β-glucuronidase; ArgA, arginine arylamidase (AMD); ProA, proline AMD; PheA, phenylalanine AMD; PyrA, pyroglutamyl AMD; GGA, glutamyl glutamic acid AMD; ALP, alkaline phosphatase. c, glucose fermentation tests were performed using prereduced, anaerobically sterilized peptone-yeast-glucose (PYG) broth (Anaerobe Systems). A pH of ≤5.5 in the PYG tubes was interpreted as positive and ≥5.9 as negative fermentation. d, described by D. A. Murdoch ( 21 ). doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch51.f1

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10.1128/9781555817381/9781555817381.ch51.f1.gif

FIGURE 1

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Tables

Peptostreptococcus, Finegoldia, Anaerococcus, Peptoniphilus, Veillonella, and Other Anaerobic Cocci

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TABLE 1

Changes in classification since the last edition of this Manual of GPAC species isolated from human clinical specimens

TABLE 1

Changes in classification since the last edition of this Manual of GPAC species isolated from human clinical specimens

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TABLE 2

Differential characteristics of Peptostreptococcus, Peptococcus, Peptoniphilus, Finegoldia, and Anaerococcus a

TABLE 2

Differential characteristics of Peptostreptococcus, Peptococcus, Peptoniphilus, Finegoldia, and Anaerococcus a

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TABLE 3

Characteristics of genera of Gram-negative cocci a

TABLE 3

Characteristics of genera of Gram-negative cocci a