Parainfluenza and Mumps Viruses

Diane S. Leland

doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch85

Chapter 85 : Parainfluenza and Mumps Viruses

Author: Diane S. Leland

Content Type: Reference

Publication Year: 2015

Category: Clinical Microbiology

Book DOI: 10.1128/9781555817381

Chapter DOI: 10.1128/9781555817381.ch85

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Abstract:

The human parainfluenza (HPIV) and mumps viruses share the Paramyxoviridae family and are included within the Paramyxovirinae subfamily in the Respirovirus genus (HPIV-1 and HPIV-3) and the Rubulavirus genus (HPIV-2, HPIV-4, and mumps). The HPIVs are commonly encountered in the U.S. as the agent of upper and lower respiratory infections in children and in older adults and the immunocompromised. Virology laboratories routinely isolate the HPIVs in culture and detect their antigens and nucleic acids in clinical samples. New multiplex viral respiratory panels include detection of the HPIVs. Mumps, although sometimes seen in outbreaks in the U.S., is seldom encountered in the routine virology laboratory, and methods for mumps virus detection are not widely available. Serologic testing to determine mumps immune status is performed in most laboratories, but confirmation of acute infection, unless the virus can be isolated in culture, must be referred to reference laboratories that provide these services. Diagnosing acute mumps infection is especially challenging in individuals who have been immunized or have experienced the infection previously. This situation presents a challenge in diagnosis.

Citation: Leland D. 2015. Parainfluenza and Mumps Viruses, p 1487-1497. In Jorgensen J, Pfaller M, Carroll K, Funke G, Landry M, Richter S, Warnock D (ed), Manual of Clinical Microbiology, Eleventh Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817381.ch85

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Parainfluenza and Mumps Viruses

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FIGURE 1

Immunofluorescence staining of HPIV-infected R-Mix Too and mumps virus-infected R-Mix cell cultures. R-Mix Too cells were infected with HPIV-1 (A), HPIV-2 (B), or HPIV-3 (C). (D) R-Mix cells infected with mumps virus. Magnification, ×200 (all). (A to C) Courtesy of Indiana Pathology Images; (D) courtesy of Diagnostic Hybrids, Inc., Athens, OH. doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch85.f1

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FIGURE 1

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Tables

Parainfluenza and Mumps Viruses

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TABLE 1

Diagnostic methods for parainfluenza and mumps virus detection

TABLE 1

Diagnostic methods for parainfluenza and mumps virus detection

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TABLE 2

FDA-cleared molecular viral respiratory panels that detect HPIVs

TABLE 2

FDA-cleared molecular viral respiratory panels that detect HPIVs