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Chapter 15 : Pathoadaptive Mutations in Uropathogenic

Author: Evgeni Sokurenko1
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Affiliations: 1: University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 2017

Category: Microbial Genetics and Molecular Biology; Clinical Microbiology

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Abstract:

Adaptive evolution of bacterial pathogens happens through the action of positive selection on random genetic changes, affecting their frequency within the compartment they infect (e.g., the urinary tract) or during the transmission to new hosts. The evolution of virulence, in general, results in the ability of the microorganism to cause clinically manifested damage of the host, i.e., diseases like cystitis or pyelonephritis. This, in turn, reflects the microbial fitness during the infection – the ability to survive and reproduce during the infection itself, at the level and in a mode to induce the tissue damage. Driving forces and mechanisms behind the evolution of microbial virulence can be understood from the perspective of bacterial ecology and by comparative analysis of the microorganisms that are able or unable to cause the infection.

Citation: Sokurenko E. 2017. Pathoadaptive Mutations in Uropathogenic , p 331-357. In Mulvey M, Klumpp D, Stapleton A (ed), Urinary Tract Infections: Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Management, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0020-2015
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Pathoadaptive Mutations in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli
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Citation: Sokurenko E. 2017. Pathoadaptive Mutations in Uropathogenic , p 331-357. In Mulvey M, Klumpp D, Stapleton A (ed), Urinary Tract Infections: Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Management, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0020-2015
/content/10.1128/9781555817404.chap15.fig15-1
Figure 1

Eco-Evo categories of . UPEC = uropathogenic , EHEC = enterohemorrhagic , EPEC = enteropathogenic .

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Figure 1

Eco-Evo categories of . UPEC = uropathogenic , EHEC = enterohemorrhagic , EPEC = enteropathogenic .

Citation: Sokurenko E. 2017. Pathoadaptive Mutations in Uropathogenic , p 331-357. In Mulvey M, Klumpp D, Stapleton A (ed), Urinary Tract Infections: Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Management, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0020-2015
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Figure 2

UPEC ecology.

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Figure 2

UPEC ecology.

Citation: Sokurenko E. 2017. Pathoadaptive Mutations in Uropathogenic , p 331-357. In Mulvey M, Klumpp D, Stapleton A (ed), Urinary Tract Infections: Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Management, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0020-2015
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Figure 3

Different genetic mechanisms of evolution of virulence exemplified by an adaptive increase in bacterial adhesiveness. Green surface = gastrointestinal mucosa; Gray surface = urothelium.

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Image of Figure 3
Figure 3

Different genetic mechanisms of evolution of virulence exemplified by an adaptive increase in bacterial adhesiveness. Green surface = gastrointestinal mucosa; Gray surface = urothelium.

Citation: Sokurenko E. 2017. Pathoadaptive Mutations in Uropathogenic , p 331-357. In Mulvey M, Klumpp D, Stapleton A (ed), Urinary Tract Infections: Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Management, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0020-2015
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Figure 4

Type 1 fimbriae of and functional variability of the FimH adhesin.

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Image of Figure 4
Figure 4

Type 1 fimbriae of and functional variability of the FimH adhesin.

Citation: Sokurenko E. 2017. Pathoadaptive Mutations in Uropathogenic , p 331-357. In Mulvey M, Klumpp D, Stapleton A (ed), Urinary Tract Infections: Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Management, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0020-2015
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Figure 5

Shear-dependent () and conformational () properties of FimH adhesin.

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Image of Figure 5
Figure 5

Shear-dependent () and conformational () properties of FimH adhesin.

Citation: Sokurenko E. 2017. Pathoadaptive Mutations in Uropathogenic , p 331-357. In Mulvey M, Klumpp D, Stapleton A (ed), Urinary Tract Infections: Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Management, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0020-2015
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Figure 6

Strategies of detection of patho-adapted gene variants (red).

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Image of Figure 6
Figure 6

Strategies of detection of patho-adapted gene variants (red).

Citation: Sokurenko E. 2017. Pathoadaptive Mutations in Uropathogenic , p 331-357. In Mulvey M, Klumpp D, Stapleton A (ed), Urinary Tract Infections: Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Management, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0020-2015
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Tables

Pathoadaptive Mutations in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli
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Citation: Sokurenko E. 2017. Pathoadaptive Mutations in Uropathogenic , p 331-357. In Mulvey M, Klumpp D, Stapleton A (ed), Urinary Tract Infections: Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Management, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0020-2015
/content/10.1128/9781555817404.chap15.tab15-1
TABLE 1

Pathoadaptive genes inactivation in long-term bladder colonization trial (premature stop-codons; frame-shift mutations, deletions)

Generic image for table
TABLE 1

Pathoadaptive genes inactivation in long-term bladder colonization trial (premature stop-codons; frame-shift mutations, deletions)

Citation: Sokurenko E. 2017. Pathoadaptive Mutations in Uropathogenic , p 331-357. In Mulvey M, Klumpp D, Stapleton A (ed), Urinary Tract Infections: Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Management, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0020-2015
/content/10.1128/9781555817404.chap15.tab15-2
TABLE 2

Pathoadaptive gene variations found by genome-wide screening

Generic image for table
TABLE 2

Pathoadaptive gene variations found by genome-wide screening

Citation: Sokurenko E. 2017. Pathoadaptive Mutations in Uropathogenic , p 331-357. In Mulvey M, Klumpp D, Stapleton A (ed), Urinary Tract Infections: Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Management, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0020-2015

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