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Chapter 13.8 : Culture of Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid

Editor: Lynne S. Garcia1
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Affiliations: 1: LSG & Associates, Santa Monica, California
Content Type: Reference
Publication Year: 2010

Category: Clinical Microbiology

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Citation: Garcia L. 2010. Culture of Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid, p 471-477. In Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook, 3rd Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817435.ch13.8
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References

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1. Alfa, M. J.,, P. Degagne,, N. Olson,, and G. K. Harding. 1997. Improved detection of bacterial growth in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis effluent by use of BacT/Alert FAN bottles. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35: 862– 866.
2. Forbes, B. A.,, P. A. Frymore,, R. T. Kopecky,, J. M. Wojtaszek,, and D. J. Pettit. 1988. Evaluation of lysis-centrifugation system for culturing dialysates from continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients with peritonitis. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 11: 176– 179.
3. Fried, L.,, and B. Piraino,. 2000. Peritonitis, p. 545– 564. In R. Gokal,, R. Khanna,, R. Kredeit,, and K. Nolph (ed.), Textbook of Peritoneal Dialysis, 2nd ed. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA.
4. Hausmann, M. J.,, R. Yulzari,, E. Lewis,, Y. Saisky,, and A. Douvdevani. 2000. Gel-clot LAL assay in the initial management of peritoneal dialysis patients with peritonitis: a retrospective study. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 15: 680– 683.
5. Keane, W. F.,, G. R. Bailie,, E. Boeschoten,, R. Gokal,, T. A. Golper,, C. J. Holmes,, Y. Kawaguchi,, B. Piraino,, M. Riella,, and S. Vas. 2000. Adult peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis treatment recommendations: 2000 update. Perit. Dial. Int. 20: 396– 411.
6. Lerner, G. R.,, B. A. Warady,, E. K. Sullivan,, and S. R. Alexander. 1999. Chronic dialysis in children and adolescents. The 1996 annual report of the North American Renal Transplant Cooperative Study. Pediatr. Nephrol. 13: 404– 417.
7. Males, B. M.,, J. J. Walshe,, and D. Amsterdam. 1987. Laboratory indices of clinical peritonitis: total leukocyte count, microscopy, and microbiologic culture of peritoneal dialysis effluent. J. Clin. Microbiol. 25: 2367– 2371.
8. Males, B. M.,, J. J. Walshe,, L. Garringer,, D. Koscinski,, and D. Amsterdam. 1986. Addi- Chek filtration, BACTEC, and 10-ml culture methods for recovery of microorganisms from dialysis effluent during episodes of peritonitis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 23: 350– 353.
9. McCartney, A.,, J. N. Brunton,, and G. L. Warwick. 1989. Limulus ameobocyte lysate (LAL) assay and rapid detection of Gram negative bacterial peritonitis in patients receiving CAPD. J. Clin. Pathol. 42: 1115. (Letter.).
10. Piraino, B.,, G. R. Bailie,, J. Bernardini,, E. Boeschoten,, A. Gupta,, C. J. Holmes,, E. J. Kuijper,, P. K. Li,, W. C. Lye,, S. Mujais,, D. L. Paterson,, M. P. Fontan,, A. Ramos,, F. Schaefer,, and L. Uttley. 2005. ISPD Ad Hoc Advisory Committee. Peritoneal dialysisrelated infections recommendations: 2005 update. Perit. Dial. Int. 25: 107– 131.
11. Ryan, S.,, and S. Fessia. 1987. Improved methods for recovery of peritonitis-causing organisms from peritoneal dialysate. J. Clin. Microbiol. 25: 383– 384.
12. Saubolle, M. A.,, D. L. Sewell,, M. D. Holland,, and T. A. Golper. 1989. Comparison of two commercial broth-culture systems for microbial detection in dialysates of patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 12: 457– 461.
13. Schaefer, F.,, G. Klaus,, D. E. Mueller-Weifel,, and O. Mehls. 1999. Current practice of peritoneal dialysis: results of a longitudinal survey. Mid European Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Study Group (MEPPS). Perit. Dial. Int. 19( Suppl. 2): S445– S449.
14. Tranæus, A., 2000. Peritonitis in paediatric continuous peritoneal dialysis, p. 301– 347. In R. N. Fine,, S. R. Alexander,, and B. A. Warady (ed.), CAPD/CCPD in Children, 2nd ed. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA.
15. U.S. Renal Data Systems. 2001. USRDS 2000 Annual Data Report. National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD.
16. Van Caseele, P.,, M. J. Alfaa,, and G. K. Harding. 2000. Assessment of the FAN aerobic bottle for culture of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis fluid using the BacT/Alert system. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 36: 85– 90.
17. Vas, S. I. 1994. Renaissance of tuberculosis in the 1990’s: lessons for the nephrologist. Perit. Dial. Int. 14: 209– 214.
18. Warady, B. A.,, E. K. Sullivan,, and S. R. Alexander. 1996. Lessons from the peritoneal dialysis patient database: a report of the North American Pediatric Renal Transplant Cooperative Study. Kidney Int. Suppl. 53: S68– S71.
19. Warady, B. A.,, D. Herbert,, E. K. Sullivan,, S. R. Alexander,, and A. Tejani. 1997. Renal transplantation, chronic dialysis, and chronic renal insufficiency in children and adolescents. The 1995 annual report of the North American Pediatric Transplant Cooperative Study. Pediatr. Nephrol. 11: 49– 64.
20. Warady, B. A.,, F. Schaefer,, M. Holloway,, S. Alexander,, M. Kandert,, B. Piraino,, I. Salusky,, A. Tranæus,, J. Divo,, M. Honda,, S. Mujais,, and E. Verrina. 2000. Consensus guidelines for the treatment of peritonitis in pediatric patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. Perit. Dial. Int. 20: 610– 624.
21. Woods, G. L.,, and J. A. Washington II. 1987. Comparison of methods for processing dialysate in suspected continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 7: 155– 157.
1. Alfa, M. J.,, P. Degagne,, N. Olson,, and G. K. Harding. 1997. Improved detection of bacterial growth in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis effluent by use of BacT/Alert FAN bottles. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35: 862– 866.
2. Buggy, B. P. 1986. Culture methods for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis. Clin. Microbiol. Newsl. 8: 12– 14.
3. Dawson, M. S.,, A. M. Harford,, B. K. Garner,, D. A. Sica,, D. M. landwehr,, and H. P. Dalton. 1985. Total volume culture technique for the isolation of microorganisms from continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients with peritonitis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 22: 391– 394.
4. Forbes, B. A.,, P. A. Frymore,, R. T. Kopecky,, J. M. Wojtaszek,, and D. J. Pettit. 1988. Evaluation of lysis-centrifugation system for culturing dialysates from continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients with peritonitis. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 11: 176– 179.
5. Ludlam, H. A.,, T. N. C. Price,, A. J. Berry,, and I. Phillips. 1988. Laboratory diagnosis of peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 26: 1757– 1762.
6. Males, B. M.,, J. J. Walshe,, L. Garringer,, D. Koscinski,, and D. Amsterdam. 1986. Addi- Chek filtration, BACTEC, and 10-ml culture methods for recovery of microorganisms from dialysis effluent during episodes of peritonitis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 23: 350– 353.
7. Piraino, B.,, G. R. Bailie,, J. Bernardini,, E. Boeschoten,, A. Gupta,, C. J. Holmes,, E. J. Kuijper,, P. K. Li,, W. C. Lye,, S. Mujais,, D. L. Paterson,, M. P. Fontan,, A. Ramos,, F. Schaefer,, and L. Uttley. 2005. ISPD Ad Hoc Advisory Committee. Peritoneal dialysisrelated infections recommendations: 2005 update. Perit. Dial. Int. 25: 107– 131.
8. Ryan, S.,, and S. Fessia. 1987. Improved methods for recovery of peritonitis-causing organisms from peritoneal dialysate. J. Clin. Microbiol. 25: 383– 384.
9. Saubolle, M. A.,, D. L. Sewell,, M. D. Holland,, and T. A. Golper. 1989. Comparison of two commercial broth-culture systems for microbial detection in dialysates of patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 12: 457– 461.
10. Sewell, D. L.,, T. A. Golper,, P. P. B. Hulman,, C. M. Thomas,, L. M. West,, W. Y. Kubey,, and L. Holmes. 1990. Comparison of large volume culture to other methods for isolation of microorganisms from dialysate. Perit. Dial. Int. 10: 49– 52.
11. Van Caseele, P.,, M. J. Alfa,, and G. K. Harding. 2000. Assessment of the FAN aerobic bottle for culture of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis fluid using the BacT/Alert system. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 36: 85– 90.
12. Warady, B. A.,, F. Schaefer,, M. Holloway,, S. Alexander,, M. Kandert,, B. Piraino,, I. Salusky,, A. Tranæus,, J. Divo,, M. Honda,, S. Mujais,, and E. Verrina. 2000. Consensus guidelines for the treatment of peritonitis in pediatric patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. Perit. Dial. Int. 20: 610– 624.
13. Woods, G. L.,, and J. A. Washington II. 1987. Comparison of methods for processing dialysate in suspected continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 7: 155– 157.

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