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Chapter 13.9 : Air Cultures for Fungi

Editor: Lynne S. Garcia1
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Affiliations: 1: LSG & Associates, Santa Monica, California
Content Type: Reference
Publication Year: 2010

Category: Clinical Microbiology

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Abstract:

Air is the medium that transports fungi from sources such as soil, construction disturbances, or moldy hospital environments ( ). Although breathing airborne fungi is common and for most individuals results in no effects on health, hospitalized patients with extreme immune suppression are susceptible to infections with those airborne fungi that can grow at body temperatures ( ).

Citation: Garcia L. 2010. Air Cultures for Fungi, p 478-484. In Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook, 3rd Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817435.ch13.9
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References

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1. Barnes, R. A.,, and T. R. Rogers. 1989. Control of nosocomial aspergillosus by laminar air flow isolation. J. Hosp. Infect. 14: 89– 94.
2. Burge, H. G. (ed.). 1989. Guidelines for the Assessment of Bioaerosols in the Indoor Environment. Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists, Cincinnati, OH.
3. Chatigny, M. A.,, J. M. Macher,, H. A. Burge,, and W. R. Solomon,. 1989. Sampling airborne microorganisms and aeroallergens, p. 199– 220. In S. V. Hering (ed.), Air Sampling Instruments for Evaluation of Atmospheric Contaminants, 7th ed. Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Cincinnati, OH.
4. Davies, R. R., 1971. Air samplers for fungi, pollen and bacteria, p. 455– 472. In C. Booth (ed.), Methods in Microbiology-Mycology, vol. 4. Academic Press, Inc., New York, NY.
5. Greene, V. W.,, D. Vesley,, R. G. Bond,, and G. S. Michaelsen. 1962. Microbiological contamination of hospital air: quantitative studies. Appl. Microbiol. 10: 561– 571.
6. Gregory, P. H. 1973. The Microbiology of the Atmosphere, p. 126– 145. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY.
7. Lentino, J. R.,, M. A. Rosenkranz,, J. A. Michaels,, V. P. Knrup,, H. D. Rose,, and M. W. Rytel. 1986. Nosocomial aspergillosis: a retrospective review. Am. J. Epidemiol. 116: 430– 437.
8. Morring, K. L.,, W. G. Sorenson,, and M. D. Attfield. 1983. Sampling for airborne fungi: a statistical comparison of media. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 44: 662– 664.
9. Murray, W. A.,, A. J. Streifel,, T. J. O’Dea,, and F. S. Rhame. 1988. Ventilation for protection of immune compromised patients. Am. Soc. Heat. Refrig. Air Cond. Eng. Trans. 94: 1185– 1191.
10. Opal, S. M.,, A. A. Asp,, B. B. Cannady,, P. L. Morse,, L. J. Burton,, and P. G. Hammer. 1986. Efficacy of infection control measures with hospital construction. J. Infect. Dis. 153: 634– 637.
11. Peterson, P. K.,, P. B. McGlave,, and N. K. Ramsey. 1983. A prospective study of infectious diseases following bone marrow transplantation: emergence of Aspergillus and cytomegalovirus as the major causes of mortality. Infect. Control 4: 81– 89.
12. Reynolds, S. J.,, A. J. Streifel,, and C. E. McJilton. 1990. Elevated concentrations of airborne fungi in residential and office environments. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 51: 601– 604.
13. Rhame, F. S.,, M. Mazzarella,, A. J. Streifel,, and D. Vesley. 1990. Evaluation of commercial air filters for fungal spore removal efficiency. Abstract 3rd Int. Conf. Nosocomial Infect.
14. Rhame, F. S.,, A. J. Streifel,, J. H. Kersey,, and P. B. McGlave. 1984. Extrinsic risk factors for pneumonia in the patient at high risk of infection. Am. J. Med. 76: 42– 52.
15. Rose, D. H. 1972. Mechanical control of hospital ventilation and Aspergillus infections. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 105: 306– 307.
16. Sarubbi, F. A.,, H. B. Kopf,, B. Wilson,, M. R. McGinnis,, and W. A. Rutala. 1982. Increased recovery of Aspergillus flavus from respiratory specimens during hospital construction. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 125: 33– 38.
17. Stewart, W. H. 1959. Sampling Microbial Aerosols. Monograph no. 60, Public Health Service publication no. 686. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
18. Streifel, A. J.,, P. P. Stevens,, and F. S. Rhame. 1987. In-hospital source of airborne Penicillium species spores. J. Clin. Microbiol. 25: 1– 4.
19. Streifel, A. J.,, D. Vesley,, and F. S. Rhame. 1990. Occurrence of transient high levels of airborne fungal spores, July 29-August 3. Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Indoor Air Qual. Climate 1: 207– 212.
20. Streifel, A. J.,, D. Vesley,, F. S. Rhame,, and B. Murray. 1989. Control of airborne fungal spores in a university hospital. Environ. Int. 15: 221– 227.
21. Streifel, A. J. 2000. Healthcare indoor air quality: guidance for infection control. HPAC Eng. 72: 28– 35.
22. Thio, C. L.,, D. Smith,, W. G. Merz,, A. J. Streifel,, G. Bova,, L. Gay,, C. B. Miller,, and T. M. Perl. 2000. Refinements of environmental assessment during an outbreak investigation of invasive aspergillosis in a leukemia and bone marrow transplant unit. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 21: 18– 23.
23. Streifel, A. J., 1988. Aspergillus and construction, p. 198– 217. In R. B. Kundsin (ed.), Architectural Design and Indoor Microbial Pollution. Oxford University Press, New York, NY.
24. Streifel, A. J., 1999. Design and maintenance of hospital ventilation systems and the prevention of airborne nosocomial infections, p. 1211. In C. G. Mayhall (ed.), Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA.
1. Andersen, A. A. 1958. New sampler for collection, sizing, and enumeration of viable airborne particles. J. Bacteriol. 76: 471– 484.
2. Burge, H. G. (ed.). 1989. Guidelines for the Assessment of Bioaerosols in the Indoor Environment. Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists, Cincinnati, OH.
3. Casewell, M. W.,, N. Desai,, and E. J. Lease. 1985. The use of the Reuter centrifugal air sampler for the estimation of bacterial air counts in different hospital locations. J. Hosp. Infect. 7: 250– 260.
4. Fields, N. G.,, G. S. Oxborrow,, J. R. Puleo,, and C. M. Herring. 1974. Evaluation of membrane filter field monitors for microbiological air sampling. Appl. Microbiol. 27: 517– 520.
5. Gregory, P. H. 1973. The Microbiology of the Atmosphere, p. 126– 145. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY.
6. Rhame, F. S.,, A. J. Streifel,, J. H. Kersey,, and P. B. McGlave. 1984. Extrinsic risk factors for pneumonia in the patient at high risk of infection. Am. J. Med. 76: 42– 52.
7. Stewart, W. H. 1959. Sampling Microbial Aerosols. Monograph no. 60, Public Health Service publication no. 686. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Tables

Air Cultures for Fungi
Citation: Garcia L. 2010. Air Cultures for Fungi, p 478-484. In Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook, 3rd Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817435.ch13.9
/content/10.1128/9781555817435.chap13.9.tab13.9-1
Table 13.9-1

For additional information, see reference .

Anderson Samplers Inc., 4215 Wendell Dr., Atlanta, GA 30336.

New Brunswick Scientific Co., Inc., P.O. Box 4005, 44 Talmadge Rd., Edison, NJ 08818; Casella London Ltd., Regent House, Britannia Walk, London NI 7ND, United Kingdom; or Cassella CEL Inc., 17 Old Nashva Rd. #15, Amherst, NH 03031.

Biotest Diagnostics Corp., 6 Daniel Rd. East, Fairfield, NJ 07006.

10.1128/9781555817435/tab13.9-1_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555817435/tab13.9-1.gif
Generic image for table
Table 13.9-1

For additional information, see reference .

Anderson Samplers Inc., 4215 Wendell Dr., Atlanta, GA 30336.

New Brunswick Scientific Co., Inc., P.O. Box 4005, 44 Talmadge Rd., Edison, NJ 08818; Casella London Ltd., Regent House, Britannia Walk, London NI 7ND, United Kingdom; or Cassella CEL Inc., 17 Old Nashva Rd. #15, Amherst, NH 03031.

Biotest Diagnostics Corp., 6 Daniel Rd. East, Fairfield, NJ 07006.

Citation: Garcia L. 2010. Air Cultures for Fungi, p 478-484. In Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook, 3rd Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817435.ch13.9

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