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Chapter 16 : The Genus

Authors: J. Michael Janda1, Sharon L. Abbott2
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Affiliations: 1: Microbial Diseases Laboratory California Department of Health Services, Richmond, California; 2: Enteric Bacteriology Microbial Diseases Laboratory California Department of Health Services, Richmond, California
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 2006

Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis

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Abstract:

In 1962, Ewing formally proposed establishing the genus to include various strains and biogroups previously classified in the Providence group. Two species were recognized, namely, (formerly Providence subgroup A) and (Providence subgroup B). In 1978, Brenner and associates provided a detailed taxonomic assessment of current members of the genera and by using DNA reassociation kinetics. The major conclusion of this study was that three species should be recognized in the genus , namely, , , and . This study also found that a previous biogroup of represented a new but as-yet-unnamed species within the genus. spp. are uncommon causes of nosocomial infections, ranking low in incidence in causing hospital-acquired gram-negative bacterial illnesses in several national surveys. Clinical infections associated with the genus have been discussed in this chapter. Laboratory identification includes isolation, biogroups, molecular identification and immunodiagnostics have been discussed in the chapter. The literature regarding the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of providenciae is somewhat confusing. Many surveys have chosen to report all strains under the heading of “ spp.” rather than as individual species. Susceptibility of species to select antimicrobial agents is also discussed in the chapter.

Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16
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The Genus Providencia
Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555817541.chap16.fig16-1
Figure 1

Potential environmental reservoirs for . Boxes below each source indicate most common animals harboring providenciae.

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10.1128/9781555817541/fig16-1.gif
Image of Figure 1
Figure 1

Potential environmental reservoirs for . Boxes below each source indicate most common animals harboring providenciae.

Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16
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Figure 2

isolate on heart infusion agar displaying opaque and translucent colony types.

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Figure 2

isolate on heart infusion agar displaying opaque and translucent colony types.

Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16
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Figure 3

Degradation of -tyrosine crystals by .

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Figure 3

Degradation of -tyrosine crystals by .

Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16
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Tables

The Genus Providencia
Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555817541.chap16.tab16-1
Table 1

Current composition of the genus

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10.1128/9781555817541/tab16-1.gif
Generic image for table
Table 1

Current composition of the genus

Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555817541.chap16.tab16-2
Table 2

Outbreaks of gastroenteritis associated with

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10.1128/9781555817541/tab16-2.gif
Generic image for table
Table 2

Outbreaks of gastroenteritis associated with

Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555817541.chap16.tab16-3
Table 3

Clinical infections associated with the genus

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10.1128/9781555817541/tab16-3.gif
Generic image for table
Table 3

Clinical infections associated with the genus

Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555817541.chap16.tab16-4
Table 4

bacteremia: clinical studies

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10.1128/9781555817541/tab16-4.gif
Generic image for table
Table 4

bacteremia: clinical studies

Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555817541.chap16.tab16-5
Table 5

Identification of species by commercial systems

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10.1128/9781555817541/tab16-5.gif
Generic image for table
Table 5

Identification of species by commercial systems

Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555817541.chap16.tab16-6
Table 6

Biogroups of

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10.1128/9781555817541/tab16-6.gif
Generic image for table
Table 6

Biogroups of

Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555817541.chap16.tab16-7
Table 7

Biogroups of

10.1128/9781555817541/tab16-7_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555817541/tab16-7.gif
Generic image for table
Table 7

Biogroups of

Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555817541.chap16.tab16-8
Table 8

Susceptibility of species to select antimicrobial agents

10.1128/9781555817541/tab16-8_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555817541/tab16-8.gif
Generic image for table
Table 8

Susceptibility of species to select antimicrobial agents

Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16
/content/10.1128/9781555817541.chap16.tab16-9
Table 9

Susceptibility of to ciprofloxacin

10.1128/9781555817541/tab16-9_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555817541/tab16-9.gif
Generic image for table
Table 9

Susceptibility of to ciprofloxacin

Citation: Janda J, Abbott S. 2006. The Genus , p 279-300. In The Enterobacteria, Second Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817541.ch16

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