
Full text loading...
Category: Environmental Microbiology; Applied and Industrial Microbiology
Pharmacologically Active Agents of Microbial Origin, Page 1 of 2
< Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555817770/9781555812676_Chap32-1.gif /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555817770/9781555812676_Chap32-2.gifAbstract:
Pharmacologically active natural products are generally classified as those useful for treating human diseases and disorders including hyperlipidemia, cancer, immunoregulatory disorders, inflammation, and neurological and metabolic diseases. This chapter reviews the discovery of pharmacologically active microbial metabolites, with an emphasis on recent developments, and considers the specific challenges involved in screening samples derived from microbial fermentations. It discusses high-throughput screening assays used for the discovery of pharmacologically active agents. It also gives specific examples of assays that have resulted in the discovery of new pharmacological agents of microbial origin. The chapter also reviews the selected pharmacologically active agents of microbial origin with utility or potential utility in the areas of immunosuppression, cancer, and cardiovascular and metabolic disease. The microbial products discussed in this chapter range from successful drugs to recently described lead compounds and provide ample testament to the ability of microbial secondary metabolism to provide compounds with real or potential therapeutic utility against a diverse and extensive range of pharmacological targets. The focus of many current microbial product screening operations is returning to antibiotic discovery. It is worth remembering that the discovery route of some very significant pharmacologically active agents of microbial origin has been indirect.
Full text loading...
Structures of the Memnoniella echinata metabolite L-671,776, (structure 1), the Favolaschia sp. metabolite 9-methoxystrobilurin E (structure 2), the actinomycete metabolite geldanamycin (structure 3), and the fungal metabolite monorden (radicicol) (structure 4).
Structures of the Memnoniella echinata metabolite L-671,776, (structure 1), the Favolaschia sp. metabolite 9-methoxystrobilurin E (structure 2), the actinomycete metabolite geldanamycin (structure 3), and the fungal metabolite monorden (radicicol) (structure 4).
Structures of the immunosuppressants, cyclosporin A (structure 1), from Tolypocladium inflatum; FK506 (structure 2) from Streptomyces tsukubaensis; and rapamycin (structure 3) from Streptomyces hygroscopicus.
Structures of the immunosuppressants, cyclosporin A (structure 1), from Tolypocladium inflatum; FK506 (structure 2) from Streptomyces tsukubaensis; and rapamycin (structure 3) from Streptomyces hygroscopicus.
Structures of the immunosuppressive lead compounds myriocin A (structure 1) from Isaria sinclairii; sanglifehrin A (structure 2) from a Streptomyces sp.; XR774 (structure 3) from Cladosporium cf. cladosporioides; and CJ-14,897 (structure 4) from a Marasmiellus sp.
Structures of the immunosuppressive lead compounds myriocin A (structure 1) from Isaria sinclairii; sanglifehrin A (structure 2) from a Streptomyces sp.; XR774 (structure 3) from Cladosporium cf. cladosporioides; and CJ-14,897 (structure 4) from a Marasmiellus sp.
Structures of antitumor agents epothilone A (structure 1) from Sorangium cellulosum; fumagillin (structure 2) from Aspergillus fumigatus; calicheamicin γ (structure 3) from Micromonospora echinospora subsp. calichensis; and XR842 (structure 4) from Streptomyces cyaneus.
Structures of antitumor agents epothilone A (structure 1) from Sorangium cellulosum; fumagillin (structure 2) from Aspergillus fumigatus; calicheamicin γ (structure 3) from Micromonospora echinospora subsp. calichensis; and XR842 (structure 4) from Streptomyces cyaneus.
Structures of mechanism-based antitumor lead compounds UCN-01 (structure 1) from a Streptomyces sp.; clavaric acid (structure 2) from Clavariadelphus truncatus; chlorofusin (structure 3) from Microdocbium caespitosum; lactacystin (structure 4) from a Streptomyces sp.; and telemostatin (structure 5) from Streptomyces anulatus.
Structures of mechanism-based antitumor lead compounds UCN-01 (structure 1) from a Streptomyces sp.; clavaric acid (structure 2) from Clavariadelphus truncatus; chlorofusin (structure 3) from Microdocbium caespitosum; lactacystin (structure 4) from a Streptomyces sp.; and telemostatin (structure 5) from Streptomyces anulatus.
Structures of the cardiovascular drugs and lead compounds lovastatin (structure 1 ) from Aspergillus terreus; mevastatin (structure 2) from Penicillium citrinum and Penicillium brevicompactum; squalestatin SI from a Phoma sp. or zaragozic acid A from an unidentified fungus (structure 3); and pyripyropene A (structure 4) from Aspergillus fumigatus.
Structures of the cardiovascular drugs and lead compounds lovastatin (structure 1 ) from Aspergillus terreus; mevastatin (structure 2) from Penicillium citrinum and Penicillium brevicompactum; squalestatin SI from a Phoma sp. or zaragozic acid A from an unidentified fungus (structure 3); and pyripyropene A (structure 4) from Aspergillus fumigatus.
Structures of lipstatin (structure 1) from Streptomyces toxytricini; acarbose (structure 2) from an Actinoplanes sp.; and L-783,281 (structure 3) from a Pseudomassaria sp.
Structures of lipstatin (structure 1) from Streptomyces toxytricini; acarbose (structure 2) from an Actinoplanes sp.; and L-783,281 (structure 3) from a Pseudomassaria sp.