1887

Chapter 2 : Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods

Authors: Melvin P. Weinstein, L. Barth Reller
Content Type: Reference
Publication Year: 2002

Category: Clinical Microbiology

MyBook is a cheap paperback edition of the original book and will be sold at uniform, low price.

Preview this chapter:
Preview Magnify
Zoom in
Zoomout

Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods, Page 1 of 2

| /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555817961/9781555811891_Chap02-1.gif /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555817961/9781555811891_Chap02-2.gif

Abstract:

Currently, both manual and automated blood culture systems are available, with the market being dominated increasingly by instrument-based automated systems and methods. This chapter will emphasize those manual and automated systems and media cleared for diagnostic use in the United States at the start of the 21st century as well as comment on possible developments in the rapidly evolving area of clinical microbiology. The fundamental concept of blood culturing has been based on inoculating a defined volume of blood, preferably obtained by a sterile venipuncture, into a broth culture medium that will support the growth of most pathogenic bacteria and fungi. In a study that compared the aerobic FAN bottle to the aerobic 80A bottle, more contaminants were detected in the FAN bottle, and the ESP system had more instrument false-positive readings. Cockerill and colleagues compared the ESP 80A bottle to the Isolator and found that the former recovered more coagulase-negative staphylococci causing bacteremia, whereas the latter recovered more , spp., and all microorganisms combined. In this study, the ESP 80A bottle also was compared to the manual Septi-Chek bottle and found to be equivalent in the recovery of microorganisms. Although current blood culture systems have reduced the time to detecting positive cultures, clinicians and patients still would benefit from accurate assay methods that provide results in minutes to hours as opposed to days. Thus, there continues to be a need for further evolution and development of new commercial blood culture systems.

Citation: Weinstein M, Reller L. 2002. Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods, p 12-21. In Truant A (ed), Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817961.ch2

Key Concept Ranking

Gram-Positive Bacteria
0.7925918
Staphylococcus aureus
0.708371
Candida albicans
0.6346154
0.7925918
Highlighted Text: Show | Hide
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

Figures

Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods
[com.pub2web.rdf.cci.facet.ContentItem[id=http://asm.metastore.ingenta.com/content/author/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2-1,webId=/content/author/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2-1,properties={foaf_givenname=Melvin P., foaf_name=Melvin P. Weinstein, foaf_surname=Weinstein}], com.pub2web.rdf.cci.facet.ContentItem[id=http://asm.metastore.ingenta.com/content/author/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2-2,webId=/content/author/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2-2,properties={foaf_givenname=L. Barth, foaf_name=L. Barth Reller, foaf_surname=Reller}]]
Citation: Weinstein M, Reller L. 2002. Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods, p 12-21. In Truant A (ed), Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817961.ch2
/content/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2.fig2-1
FIGURE 1

Septi-Chek aerobic bottle with agar-coated paddle attached. Courtesy of Becton-Dickinson Microbiology Systems.

10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-1_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-1.gif
Image of FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1

Septi-Chek aerobic bottle with agar-coated paddle attached. Courtesy of Becton-Dickinson Microbiology Systems.

Citation: Weinstein M, Reller L. 2002. Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods, p 12-21. In Truant A (ed), Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817961.ch2
Permissions and Reprints Request Permissions
Download as Powerpoint
/content/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2.fig2-2
FIGURE 2

Oxoid Signal system showing positive (right) and negative (left) bottles. Courtesy of Oxoid Ltd.

10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-2_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-2.gif
Image of FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2

Oxoid Signal system showing positive (right) and negative (left) bottles. Courtesy of Oxoid Ltd.

Citation: Weinstein M, Reller L. 2002. Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods, p 12-21. In Truant A (ed), Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817961.ch2
Permissions and Reprints Request Permissions
Download as Powerpoint
/content/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2.fig2-3
FIGURE 3

Isolator blood culture system. Courtesy of Wampole.

10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-3_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-3.gif
Image of FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3

Isolator blood culture system. Courtesy of Wampole.

Citation: Weinstein M, Reller L. 2002. Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods, p 12-21. In Truant A (ed), Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817961.ch2
Permissions and Reprints Request Permissions
Download as Powerpoint
/content/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2.fig2-4
FIGURE 4

BacT/Alert system showing BacT/Alert 240 module (left), MB module (mycobacterial detection module) (right center), and 3D module (far right). Courtesy of Organon Teknika.

10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-4_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-4.gif
Image of FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4

BacT/Alert system showing BacT/Alert 240 module (left), MB module (mycobacterial detection module) (right center), and 3D module (far right). Courtesy of Organon Teknika.

Citation: Weinstein M, Reller L. 2002. Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods, p 12-21. In Truant A (ed), Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817961.ch2
Permissions and Reprints Request Permissions
Download as Powerpoint
/content/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2.fig2-5
FIGURE 5

BACTEC 9240 blood culture system. Courtesy of BD Biosciences.

10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-5_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-5.gif
Image of FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5

BACTEC 9240 blood culture system. Courtesy of BD Biosciences.

Citation: Weinstein M, Reller L. 2002. Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods, p 12-21. In Truant A (ed), Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817961.ch2
Permissions and Reprints Request Permissions
Download as Powerpoint
/content/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2.fig2-6
FIGURE 6

BACTEC 9050 blood culture system. Courtesy of BD Biosciences.

10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-6_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-6.gif
Image of FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6

BACTEC 9050 blood culture system. Courtesy of BD Biosciences.

Citation: Weinstein M, Reller L. 2002. Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods, p 12-21. In Truant A (ed), Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817961.ch2
Permissions and Reprints Request Permissions
Download as Powerpoint
/content/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2.fig2-7
FIGURE 7

ESP 384 blood culture system. Courtesy of Trek Diagnostic Systems, Inc.

10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-7_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-7.gif
Image of FIGURE 7
FIGURE 7

ESP 384 blood culture system. Courtesy of Trek Diagnostic Systems, Inc.

Citation: Weinstein M, Reller L. 2002. Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods, p 12-21. In Truant A (ed), Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817961.ch2
Permissions and Reprints Request Permissions
Download as Powerpoint
/content/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2.fig2-8
FIGURE 8

Vital blood culture system. Courtesy of bio- Mérieux, Inc.

10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-8_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555817961/fig2-8.gif
Image of FIGURE 8
FIGURE 8

Vital blood culture system. Courtesy of bio- Mérieux, Inc.

Citation: Weinstein M, Reller L. 2002. Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods, p 12-21. In Truant A (ed), Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817961.ch2
Permissions and Reprints Request Permissions
Download as Powerpoint

References

/content/book/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2
1. Brenner, S. A.,, J. A. Rooney,, P. Manzewitsch,, and R. L. Regnery. 1997. Isolation of Bartonella (Rochalimaea) henselae: effects of methods of blood collection and handling. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35: 544– 547.
2. Bryan, L. E. 1981. Comparison of a slide blood culture system with a supplemented peptone broth culture method. J. Clin. Microbiol. 14: 389– 392.
3. Cockerill, F. R., III,, G. S. Reed,, J. G. Hughes,, C. A. Torgerson,, E. A. Vetter,, W. S. Harmsen,, J. C. Dale,, G. D. Roberts,, D. M. Ilstrup,, and N. K. Henry. 1997. Clinical comparison of BACTEC 9240 Plus Aerobic/F resin bottles and the Isolator aerobic culture system for detection of bloodstream infections. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35: 1469– 1472.
4. Cockerill, F. R., III,, C. A. Torgerson,, G. S. Reed,, E. A. Vetter,, A. L. Weaver,, J. C. Dale,, G. D. Roberts,, N. K. Henry,, D. M. Ilstrup,, and J. E. Rosenblatt. 1996. Clinical comparison of Difco ESP, Wampole Isolator, and Becton Dickinson Septi-Chek aerobic blood culture systems. J. Clin. Microbiol. 34: 20– 24.
5. Doern, G. V.,, A. Barton,, and S. Rao. 1998. Controlled comparative evaluation of BacT/Alert FAN and ESP 80A aerobic media as means for detecting bacteremia and fungemia. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36: 2686– 2689.
6. Doern, G. V.,, A. B. Brueggemann,, W. M. Dunne,, S. G. Jenkins,, D. C. Halstead,, and J. C. McLaughlin. 1997. Four-day incubation period for blood culture bottles processed with the Difco ESP blood culture system. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35: 1290– 1292.
7. Han, X. Y.,, and A. L. Truant. 1999. The detection of positive blood cultures by the AccuMed ESP-384 system: the clinical significance of three-day testing. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 33: 1– 6.
8. Hardy, D. J.,, B. B. Hulbert,, and P. C. Migneault. 1992. Time to detection of positive BacT/Alert blood cultures and lack of need for routine subculture of 5- to 7-day negative cultures. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30: 2743– 2745.
9. Hellinger, W. C.,, J. J. Zawley,, S. Alvarez,, S. F. Hogan,, W. S. Harensen,, D. M. Ilstrup,, and F. R. Cockerill. 1995. Clinical comparison of the Isolator and BacT/Alert aerobic blood culture systems. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33: 1787– 1790.
10. Henry, N. K.,, C. M. Grewell,, P. E. Van Grevenhof,, D. M. Ilstrup,, and J. A. Washington II. 1984. Comparison of lysis-centrifugation with a biphasic blood culture medium for the recovery of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria. J. Clin. Microbiol. 20: 413– 416.
11. Henry, N. K.,, C. A. McLimans,, A. J. Wright,, R. L. Thompson,, W. R. Wilson,, and J. A. Washington II. 1983. Microbiological and clinical evaluation of the Isolator lysis-centrifugation blood culture tube. J. Clin. Microbiol. 17: 864– 869.
12. Jorgensen, J. H.,, S. Mirrett,, L. C. McDonald,, P. R. Murray,, M. P. Weinstein,, J. Fune,, C. W. Trippy,, M. Masterson,, and L. B. Reller. 1997. Controlled clinical laboratory comparison of BACTEC Plus Aerobic/F resin medium with BacT/Alert Aerobic FAN medium for detection of bacteremia and fungemia. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35: 53– 58.
13. Kellogg, J. A.,, D. A. Bankert,, J. P. Manzella,, K. S. Parsey,, S. L. Scott,, and S. H. Cavanaugh. 1994. Clinical comparison of Isolator and thiol broth with ESP aerobic and anaerobic bottles for recovery of pathogens from blood. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32: 2050– 2055.
14. Kiehn, T. E.,, B. Wong,, F. F. Edwards,, and D. Armstrong. 1983. Comparative recovery of bacteria and yeasts from lysis-centrifugation and a conventional blood culture system. J. Clin. Microbiol. 18: 300– 304.
15. Kirkley, B. A.,, D. A. Easley,, and J. A. Washington. 1994. Controlled clinical evaluation of Isolator and ESP aerobic blood culture systems for detection of bloodstream infections. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32: 1547– 1549.
16. McDonald, L. C.,, J. Fune,, L. B. Gaido,, M. P. Weinstein,, L. G. Reimer,, T. M. Flynn,, M. L. Wilson,, S. Mirrett,, and L. B. Reller. 1996. Clinical importance of increased sensitivity of BacT/Alert FAN aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles. J. Clin. Microbiol. 34: 2180– 2184.
17. Morello, J. A.,, C. Leitsh,, S. Nitz,, J. W. Dyke,, M. Andruszewski,, G. Maier,, W. Landau,, and M. A. Beard. 1994. Detection of bacteremia by Difco ESP blood culture system. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32: 811– 818.
18. Murray, P. R.,, G. E. Hollick,, R. C. Jerris,, and M. L. Wilson. 1998. Multicenter comparison of BACTEC 9050 and BACTEC 9240 blood culture systems. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36: 1601– 1603.
19. Murray, P. R.,, A. C. Niles,, R. L. Heeren,, M. M. Curren,, L. E. James,, and J. E. Hoppe-Bauer. 1988. Comparative evaluation of the Oxoid Signal and Roche Septi-Chek blood culture systems. J. Clin. Microbiol. 26: 2526– 2530.
20. Nolte, F. S.,, J. M. Williams,, R. C. Jerris,, and J. A. Morello. 1993. Multicenter clinical evaluation of a continuous monitoring blood culture system using fluorescent-sensor technology (BACTEC 9240). J. Clin. Microbiol. 31: 552– 557.
21. Pfaller, M. A.,, T. K. Sibley,, L. M. Westfall,, J. E. Hoppe-Bauer,, M. A. Keating,, and P. R. Murray. 1982. Clinical laboratory comparison of a slide blood culture system with a conventional broth system. J. Clin. Microbiol. 16: 525– 530.
22. Pohlman, J. K.,, B. A. Kirkley,, K. A. Easley,, B. A. Basille,, and J. A. Washington. 1995. Controlled clinical evaluation of BACTEC Plus Aerobic/F and BacT/Alert Aerobic FAN bottles for detection of bloodstream infections. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33: 2856– 2858.
23. Pohlman, J. K.,, B. A. Kirkley,, K. A. Easley,, and J. A. Washington. 1995. Controlled clinical comparison of Isolator and BACTEC 9240 Aerobic/F resin bottle for detection of bloodstream infections. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33: 2525– 2529.
24. Reimer, L. G.,, M. L. Wilson,, and M. P. Weinstein. 1997. Update on the detection of bacteremia and fungemia. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 10: 444– 465.
25. Rohner, P.,, B. Pepey,, and R. Auckenthaler. 1995. Comparison of BacT/Alert with Signal blood culture system. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33: 313– 317.
26. Rohner, P.,, B. Pepey,, and R. Auckenthaler. 1996. Comparative evaluation of BACTEC Aerobic Plus/F and Septi-Chek Release blood culture media. J. Clin. Microbiol. 34: 126– 129.
27. Schwabe, L. D.,, R. B. Thomson, Jr.,, K. K. Flint,, and F. P. Koontz. 1995. Evaluation of BACTEC 9240 blood culture system using high-volume resin media. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33: 2451– 2453.
28. Smith, J. A.,, E. A. Bryce,, J. H. Ngui-Yen,, and F. J. Roberts. 1995. Comparison of BACTEC 9240 and BacT/Alert blood culture systems in an adult hospital. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33: 1905– 1908.
29. Waite, R. T.,, and G. L. Woods. 1998. Evaluation of BACTEC MYCO/F Lytic medium for recovery of mycobacteria and fungi from blood. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36: 1176– 1179.
30. Washington, J. A., II,, and D. M. Ilstrup. 1986. Blood cultures: issues and controversies. Rev. Infect. Dis. 8: 792– 802.
31. Weinstein, M. P.,, S. Mirrett,, L. G. Reimer,, and L. B. Reller. 1989. Effect of agitation and terminal subcultures on yield and speed of detection of the Oxoid Signal blood culture system versus the BACTEC radiometric system. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27: 427– 430.
32. Weinstein, M. P.,, S. Mirrett,, L. G. Reimer,, and L. B. Reller. 1990. Effect of altered headspace atmosphere on yield and speed of detection of the Oxoid Signal blood culture system versus the BACTEC radiometric system. J. Clin. Microbiol. 28: 795– 797.
33. Weinstein, M. P.,, S. Mirrett,, L. G. Reimer,, M. L. Wilson,, S. Smith-Elekes,, C. R. Chuard,, K. L. Joho,, and L. B. Reller. 1995. Controlled evaluation of BacT/Alert standard aerobic and FAN aerobic blood culture bottles for detection of bacteremia and fungemia. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33: 978– 981.
34. Weinstein, M. P.,, S. Mirrett,, and L. B. Reller. 1988. Comparative evaluation of the Oxoid Signal and BACTEC radiometric blood culture systems for the detection of bacteremia and fungemia. J. Clin. Microbiol. 26: 962– 964.
35. Weinstein, M. P.,, S. Mirrett,, M. L. Wilson,, L. G. Reimer,, and L. B. Reller. 1994. Controlled evaluation of 5 versus 10 milliliters of blood cultured in aerobic BacT/Alert blood culture bottles. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32: 2103– 2106.
36. Weinstein, M. P.,, L. B. Reller,, S. Mirrett,, W.-L. L. Wang,, and D. V. Alcid. 1985. Controlled evaluation of trypticase soy broth in agar slide and conventional blood culture systems. J. Clin. Microbiol. 21: 626– 629.
37. Weinstein, M. P.,, L. B. Reller,, S. Mirrett,, W.-L. L. Wang,, and D. V. Alcid. 1985. Clinical comparison of an agar slide blood culture system with trypticase soy broth and a conventional blood culture bottle with supplemented peptone broth. J. Clin. Microbiol. 21: 815– 818.
38. Weinstein, M. P.,, L. B. Reller,, S. Mirrett,, C. W. Stratton,, L. G. Reimer,, and W.-L. L. Wang. 1986. Controlled evaluation of the agar slide and radiometric blood culture systems for the detection of bacteremia and fungemia. J. Clin. Microbiol. 23: 221– 225.
39. Welby, P. L.,, D. S. Keller,, and G. A. Storch. 1995. Comparison of automated Difco ESP blood culture system with biphasic BBL Septi-Chek system for detection of bloodstream infections in pediatric patients. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33: 1084– 1088.
40. Welby-Sellenriek, P. L.,, D. S. Keller,, R. J. Ferrett,, and G. A. Storch. 1997. Comparison of the BacT/Alert FAN aerobic and the Difco ESP 80A aerobic bottles for pediatric blood cultures. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35: 1166– 1171.
41. Wilson, M. L.,, S. Mirrett,, L. C. McDonald,, M. P. Weinstein,, J. Fune,, and L. B. Reller. 1999. Controlled clinical comparison of bioMerieux VITAL and BACTEC NR-660 blood culture systems for detection of bacteremia and fungemia in adults. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37: 1709– 1713.
42. Wilson, M. L.,, S. Mirrett,, L. B. Reller,, M. P. Weinstein,, and L. G. Reimer. 1993. Recovery of clinically important microorganisms from the BacT/Alert blood culture system does not require 7 day testing. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 16: 31– 34.
43. Wilson, M. L.,, M. P. Weinstein,, S. Mirrett,, L. G. Reimer,, S. Smith-Elekes,, C. R. Chirard,, and L. B. Reller. 1995. Controlled evaluation of BacT/Alert standard anaerobic and FAN anaerobic blood culture bottles for the detection of bacteremia and fungemia. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33: 2265– 2270.
44. Wilson, M. L.,, M. P. Weinstein,, L. G. Reimer,, S. Mirrett,, and L. B. Reller. 1992. Controlled comparison of the BacT/Alert and BACTEC 660/730 nonradiometric blood culture systems. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30: 323– 329.
45. Wilson, M. L.,, M. P. Weinstein,, and L. B. Reller. 1994. Automated blood culture systems. Clin. Lab. Med. 14: 149– 169.
46. Zaidi, A. K. M.,, S. Mirrett,, J. C. McDonald,, E. E. Rubin,, L. C. McDonald,, M. P. Weinstein,, M. Gupta,, and L. B. Reller. 1997. Controlled comparison of bio-Merieux VITAL and BACTEC NR-660 systems for detection of bacteremia and fungemia in pediatric patients. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35: 2007– 2012.
47. Zwadyk, P., Jr.,, C. L. Pierson,, and C. Young. 1994. Comparison of Difco ESP and Organon Teknika BacT/Alert continuous-monitoring blood culture systems. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32: 1273– 1279.

Tables

Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods
[com.pub2web.rdf.cci.facet.ContentItem[id=http://asm.metastore.ingenta.com/content/author/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2-1,webId=/content/author/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2-1,properties={foaf_givenname=Melvin P., foaf_name=Melvin P. Weinstein, foaf_surname=Weinstein}], com.pub2web.rdf.cci.facet.ContentItem[id=http://asm.metastore.ingenta.com/content/author/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2-2,webId=/content/author/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2-2,properties={foaf_givenname=L. Barth, foaf_name=L. Barth Reller, foaf_surname=Reller}]]
Citation: Weinstein M, Reller L. 2002. Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods, p 12-21. In Truant A (ed), Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817961.ch2
/content/10.1128/9781555817961.chap2.tab2-1
TABLE 1

Commercially available continuous-monitoring blood culture systems

10.1128/9781555817961/tab2-1_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555817961/tab2-1.gif
Generic image for table
TABLE 1

Commercially available continuous-monitoring blood culture systems

Citation: Weinstein M, Reller L. 2002. Commercial Blood Culture Systems and Methods, p 12-21. In Truant A (ed), Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555817961.ch2

Back to top
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Please check the format of the address you have entered.
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error