Markers of Infection

David Y. Graham; Waqar A. Qureshi

doi:10.1128/9781555818005.ch41

Chapter 41 : Markers of Infection

Authors: David Y. Graham¹, Waqar A. Qureshi¹

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Affiliations: 1: Department of Medicine, VA Medical Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030

Content Type: Monograph

Publication Year: 2001

Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis

Book DOI: 10.1128/9781555818005

Chapter DOI: 10.1128/9781555818005.ch41

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Abstract:

Markers for the presence of a Helicobacter pylori infection consist of features or events that suggest that the infection is, or has been, present and include alterations in gastroduodenal structure and function, as well as tests to detect the bacterium itself or the presence of bacterial enzymes. It is now recognized that primary mucosa-associated gastric lymphoma (MALT lymphoma) and approximately 10% of cases of nonulcer dyspepsia are also directly related to H. pylori infection. There are a number of biochemical markers suggestive of the presence of an active or past H. pylori infection. A group of expert pathologists recommended that for diagnosis of H. pylori infection and characterization of the pattern of gastritis, two biopsies should routinely be taken from the antrum and two from the body of the stomach for histological evaluation. The accuracy of rapid urease testing is high, such that a correlation between histology and rapid urease testing provides a simple measure to gauge the accuracy of the pathology department. Detection of anti-H. pylori antibody is the easiest noninvasive approach to test for the presence of an H. pylori infection. With some tests only a few drops of fingerstick blood are required and the results are available in less than 5 min.

Citation: Graham D, Qureshi W. 2001. Markers of Infection, p 499-510. In Mobley H, Mendz G, Hazell S (ed), Helicobacter pylori. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818005.ch41

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Markers of Infection

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Citation: Graham D, Qureshi W. 2001. Markers of Infection, p 499-510. In Mobley H, Mendz G, Hazell S (ed), Helicobacter pylori. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818005.ch41

/content/10.1128/9781555818005.chap41.fig41-1

Figure 1

Example of the El-Zimaity dual stain of gastric mucosa ( 26 ). The stain combines periodic acid-Schiff and a silver stain and is the preferred stain when the density of H. pylori is very low or when searching for H. pylori in the duodenum.

10.1128/9781555818005/fig41-1_thmb.gif

10.1128/9781555818005/fig41-1.gif

Figure 1

Citation: Graham D, Qureshi W. 2001. Markers of Infection, p 499-510. In Mobley H, Mendz G, Hazell S (ed), Helicobacter pylori. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818005.ch41

/content/10.1128/9781555818005.chap41.fig41-2

Figure 2

Examples of three commercial rapid urease tests including the original CLO test and two second-generation tests. One of each pair is the control, the other is after the color change.

10.1128/9781555818005/fig41-2_thmb.gif

10.1128/9781555818005/fig41-2.gif

Figure 2

Examples of three commercial rapid urease tests including the original CLO test and two second-generation tests. One of each pair is the control, the other is after the color change.

Citation: Graham D, Qureshi W. 2001. Markers of Infection, p 499-510. In Mobley H, Mendz G, Hazell S (ed), Helicobacter pylori. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818005.ch41

References

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Tables

Markers of Infection

Citation: Graham D, Qureshi W. 2001. Markers of Infection, p 499-510. In Mobley H, Mendz G, Hazell S (ed), Helicobacter pylori. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818005.ch41

/content/10.1128/9781555818005.chap41.tab41-1

Table 1

Recommendations for collecting gastric mucosal biopsies for detection of H. pylori

10.1128/9781555818005/tab41-1_thmb.gif

10.1128/9781555818005/tab41-1.gif

Table 1

Recommendations for collecting gastric mucosal biopsies for detection of H. pylori

Citation: Graham D, Qureshi W. 2001. Markers of Infection, p 499-510. In Mobley H, Mendz G, Hazell S (ed), Helicobacter pylori. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818005.ch41

/content/10.1128/9781555818005.chap41.tab41-2

Table 2

Considerations regarding the accuracy of the 13C-urea breath test

10.1128/9781555818005/tab41-2_thmb.gif

10.1128/9781555818005/tab41-2.gif

Table 2

Considerations regarding the accuracy of the 13C-urea breath test

Citation: Graham D, Qureshi W. 2001. Markers of Infection, p 499-510. In Mobley H, Mendz G, Hazell S (ed), Helicobacter pylori. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818005.ch41