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Chapter 44 : Other Gastric Helicobacters and Spiral Organisms

Authors: Stephen J. Danon1, Adrian Lee2
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Affiliations: 1: School of Microbiology and Immunology, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia; 2: Chancellery, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 2001

Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis

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Abstract:

The discovery of changed forever our perception of the stomach as a habitat for specialized bacteria. It is now known that the stomachs of all animals are colonized by a wide range of highly adapted bacteria that belong to the genus . This chapter describes non- gastric bacteria and considers the nature of these specialized adaptations that allow this very interesting group of organisms to inhabit the hostile gastric environment where no others can survive. It has been reported that the spiral organisms inhabited the gastric pits of the pyloric and fundic glands, with some of these bacteria closely associated with the acid-producing parietal cells and in some cases inside the canuliculi of these cells. Many of the in vivo culture techniques that were undertaken earlier are still widely used today, especially for the isolation and characterization of gastric helicobacters that have been unable to be cultivated in vitro, a classic example being ''’’. New and more sophisticated techniques, especially in the field of molecular biology, have led to the discovery of many new organisms that inhabit the stomach, lower bowel, and liver. Like many of the other gastric helicobacters, is free living and does not attach to the epithelial cell layer. In their natural host, most of the known gastric helicobacters do not induce a significant pathology. Just as the human has inhabiting the stomach, most animal species have their own gastric helicobacters, many of which are described in this chapter.

Citation: Danon S, Lee A. 2001. Other Gastric Helicobacters and Spiral Organisms, p 549-563. In Mobley H, Mendz G, Hazell S (ed), . ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818005.ch44
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Other Gastric Helicobacters and Spiral Organisms
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Citation: Danon S, Lee A. 2001. Other Gastric Helicobacters and Spiral Organisms, p 549-563. In Mobley H, Mendz G, Hazell S (ed), . ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818005.ch44
/content/10.1128/9781555818005.chap44.fig44-1
Figure 1

“” in (A) the gastric mucosa of a mouse and (B and C) the canaliculi of a rat parietal cell. Arrows indicate the position of the bacterium.

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10.1128/9781555818005/fig44-1.gif
Image of Figure 1
Figure 1

“” in (A) the gastric mucosa of a mouse and (B and C) the canaliculi of a rat parietal cell. Arrows indicate the position of the bacterium.

Citation: Danon S, Lee A. 2001. Other Gastric Helicobacters and Spiral Organisms, p 549-563. In Mobley H, Mendz G, Hazell S (ed), . ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818005.ch44
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Figure 2

Electron micrographs of (A) Freeze-fracture preparation; arrow indicates the periplasmic fibrils (photo courtesy of S. Kouprach). (B) Negatively stained preparation; arrow indicates the periplasmic fibrils. (C) colonizing the gastric mucosa of a germ-free mouse (photo courtesy of J. O'Rourke).

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10.1128/9781555818005/fig44-2.gif
Image of Figure 2
Figure 2

Electron micrographs of (A) Freeze-fracture preparation; arrow indicates the periplasmic fibrils (photo courtesy of S. Kouprach). (B) Negatively stained preparation; arrow indicates the periplasmic fibrils. (C) colonizing the gastric mucosa of a germ-free mouse (photo courtesy of J. O'Rourke).

Citation: Danon S, Lee A. 2001. Other Gastric Helicobacters and Spiral Organisms, p 549-563. In Mobley H, Mendz G, Hazell S (ed), . ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818005.ch44
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Figure 3

Electron micrographs of (A) colonizing the gastric mucosa of the ferret. Arrow indicates organisms adhering to the epithelial cell layer and partial endocytosis. (B) Negatively stained preparation of (Photos courtesy of J. O'Rourke.)

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10.1128/9781555818005/fig44-3.gif
Image of Figure 3
Figure 3

Electron micrographs of (A) colonizing the gastric mucosa of the ferret. Arrow indicates organisms adhering to the epithelial cell layer and partial endocytosis. (B) Negatively stained preparation of (Photos courtesy of J. O'Rourke.)

Citation: Danon S, Lee A. 2001. Other Gastric Helicobacters and Spiral Organisms, p 549-563. In Mobley H, Mendz G, Hazell S (ed), . ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818005.ch44
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Figure 4

Negatively stained preparations of (A) magnification × 18,000, and (B) magnification × 18,000 (photos courtesy of K. Jalava).

10.1128/9781555818005/fig44-4_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555818005/fig44-4.gif
Image of Figure 4
Figure 4

Negatively stained preparations of (A) magnification × 18,000, and (B) magnification × 18,000 (photos courtesy of K. Jalava).

Citation: Danon S, Lee A. 2001. Other Gastric Helicobacters and Spiral Organisms, p 549-563. In Mobley H, Mendz G, Hazell S (ed), . ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818005.ch44
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