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Category: Clinical Microbiology
Brucellosis in Terrestrial Wildlife and Marine Mammals, Page 1 of 2
< Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555818050/9781555812010_Chap08-1.gif /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555818050/9781555812010_Chap08-2.gifAbstract:
There are currently six named species of Brucella plus the newly discovered group of brucellae infecting marine mammals. Brucella melitensis is primarily a disease of goats and sheep that is present in most areas of the world where goats are raised. In humans, B. melitensis is considered the principal cause of brucellosis and is clinically the most severe. In the United States, disease caused by B. melitensis in animals is considered exotic, and nearly all cases of human infection are due to the consumption of imported unpasteurized goat cheese. Bison migrations outside Yellowstone National Park (YNP) boundaries have occurred with increased frequency since 1980, usually during the winter. When the bison migrate onto private land, they pose a potential threat of spreading brucellosis to domestic cattle, thereby putting the state's class free status at risk. The development of effective strategies to control and eradicate brucellosis from bison and elk in the greater Yellowstone area (GYA), from feral swine across the southern and central states, from reindeer and caribou in the arctic, and perhaps finally from marine mammals presents an unprecedented challenge. With the continuing emergence of this disease and these disease issues in free-ranging populations of wildlife, solutions can only be found based on good science, public education, and innovative, collaborative work between research scientists, regulatory and wildlife veterinarians, and wildlife managers.
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Map of the GYA. Courtesy of the National Park Service.
Map of the GYA. Courtesy of the National Park Service.
Placenta of aborted bison fetus from YNP. Note the immunohistochemical staining of brucellae in the trophoblastic epithelium. Immunoperoxidase stain was used. Bar = 100 μm.
Placenta of aborted bison fetus from YNP. Note the immunohistochemical staining of brucellae in the trophoblastic epithelium. Immunoperoxidase stain was used. Bar = 100 μm.
Electron photomicrograph of a developing Parafilaroides sp. larva in the uterus of an adult nematode. Note the immunogold labeling of brucellae adjacent to the larva (arrows).
Electron photomicrograph of a developing Parafilaroides sp. larva in the uterus of an adult nematode. Note the immunogold labeling of brucellae adjacent to the larva (arrows).
Cross section through an adult Parafilaroides sp. in the lung of a harbor seal. Note the marked immunohistochemical staining of brucellar antigen surrounding gonadal cells and developing larvae, in developing larvae, and in seal leukocytes adjacent to the nematode. Immunoperoxidase stain was used.
Cross section through an adult Parafilaroides sp. in the lung of a harbor seal. Note the marked immunohistochemical staining of brucellar antigen surrounding gonadal cells and developing larvae, in developing larvae, and in seal leukocytes adjacent to the nematode. Immunoperoxidase stain was used.
Summary of reported positive Brucella serological results on various species of marine mammals
Summary of reported positive Brucella serological results on various species of marine mammals
Summary of reported positive Brucella culture results on various species of marine mammals
Summary of reported positive Brucella culture results on various species of marine mammals