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Chapter 15 : Molecular Mimicry and Determinant Spreading

Authors: Anthony Quinn1, Eli E. Sercarz1
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Affiliations: 1: Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 10355 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 2000

Category: Microbial Genetics and Molecular Biology

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Abstract:

One of the most intensively studied animal models of autoimmunity is insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse. This chapter considers how molecular mimicry, when viewed in the broader context of degeneracy of T-cell recognition specificity, provides a rationale for the existence of frequent autoimmunity. Whether the initiating event is a viral infection or inflammation at a site where APCs become ready to present and process self-antigens or foreign antigens efficiently, the commonality is the presentation of unusual, generally nondisplayed antigenic determinants to T cells which have evaded the mechanisms of self-tolerance induction. For autoimmunity to occur, it is absolutely necessary for the initiating response to expand. Accordingly, since so many T cells potentially can be addressed by a large diversity of ligands, it is clear that many, apparently redundant regulatory mechanisms must have evolved to ensure the sanctity of the self from errant breakaway clones. In the first decades of the 21st century investigators will need to define and learn to mobilize and maintain these regulators.

Citation: Quinn A, Sercarz E. 2000. Molecular Mimicry and Determinant Spreading, p 215-222. In Cunningham M, Fujinami R (ed), Molecular Mimicry, Microbes, and Autoimmunity. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818074.ch15
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References

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Tables

Molecular Mimicry and Determinant Spreading
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Citation: Quinn A, Sercarz E. 2000. Molecular Mimicry and Determinant Spreading, p 215-222. In Cunningham M, Fujinami R (ed), Molecular Mimicry, Microbes, and Autoimmunity. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818074.ch15
/content/10.1128/9781555818074.chap15.tab15-1
Table 1

Examples of degeneracy, redundancy, and pleiotropy

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10.1128/9781555818074/tab15-1.gif
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Table 1

Examples of degeneracy, redundancy, and pleiotropy

Citation: Quinn A, Sercarz E. 2000. Molecular Mimicry and Determinant Spreading, p 215-222. In Cunningham M, Fujinami R (ed), Molecular Mimicry, Microbes, and Autoimmunity. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818074.ch15

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