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Chapter 29 : Modified Nucleosides Always Were: an Evolutionary Model
Authors:
Nicolas Cermakian1,
Robert Cedergren1
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Affiliations:
1: Département de Biochimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year:
1998
Category: Microbial Genetics and Molecular Biology
Book DOI:
10.1128/9781555818296
Chapter DOI:
10.1128/9781555818296.ch29
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Abstract:
This chapter evaluates the distribution of modified nucleosides in certain RNA species of the three domains of life (archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes). Fourteen modifications are present in all three domains and of these several are found at comparable positions in tRNAs . First, most of the conserved modified nucleosides are in or near the anticodon loop. There is strong phylogenetic evidence for the early appearance of modified nucleosides. The incorporation of modified nucleosides into nucleic acid polymers is quite plausible, and the use of a particular nucleoside may depend only on its concentration in the primordial soup. Again, considering the chemistry of nucleosides, it would seem that the moderately modified nucleosides would be present in the highest concentrations in the primordial soup along with the standard nucleosides. In parallel, the phylogenetic evidence suggests that some simple modified nucleosides existed at the point when the major organismal groups diverged. In the case of tRNAs, there is no evidence for present-day RNA guiding, although such a system could be imagined early in the evolution of replicating cells. The current evidence of the enzymes involved in RNA-guided modification leaves the door open to speculation that RNA has a greater role in this process than simply guiding modification.
Citation:
Cermakian N, Cedergren R.
1998.
Modified Nucleosides Always Were: an Evolutionary Model,
p 535-541.
In
Grosjean H, Benne R (ed),
Modification and Editing of RNA.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555818296.ch29
Figures
Modified Nucleosides Always Were: an Evolutionary Model
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Citation:
Cermakian N, Cedergren R.
1998.
Modified Nucleosides Always Were: an Evolutionary Model,
p 535-541.
In
Grosjean H, Benne R (ed),
Modification and Editing of RNA.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555818296.ch29
/content/10.1128/9781555818296.chap29.fig29-1
Figure 1
Nucleoside modifications likely to have been occurring in the cenancestor and in the RNA world. The upper part of the figure presents the results of the phylogenetic analysis of modified nucleotides. The data are from Table 1 and Appendix 1. The modified nucleosides found at corresponding positions in tRNAs from the three domains ( Table 1 ) are in bold. The modified nucleosides found in rRNAs of all three domains are underlined ( Table 2 ). Derived modifications are considered to have occurred later in evolution. The lower part of the figure refers to the discussion about the prebiotic world and RNA world. See the text for more details.
10.1128/9781555818296/fig29-1_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555818296/fig29-1.gif
Figure 1
Nucleoside modifications likely to have been occurring in the cenancestor and in the RNA world. The upper part of the figure presents the results of the phylogenetic analysis of modified nucleotides. The data are from Table 1 and Appendix 1. The modified nucleosides found at corresponding positions in tRNAs from the three domains ( Table 1 ) are in bold. The modified nucleosides found in rRNAs of all three domains are underlined ( Table 2 ). Derived modifications are considered to have occurred later in evolution. The lower part of the figure refers to the discussion about the prebiotic world and RNA world. See the text for more details.
Citation:
Cermakian N, Cedergren R.
1998.
Modified Nucleosides Always Were: an Evolutionary Model,
p 535-541.
In
Grosjean H, Benne R (ed),
Modification and Editing of RNA.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555818296.ch29
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Tables
Modified Nucleosides Always Were: an Evolutionary Model
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Citation:
Cermakian N, Cedergren R.
1998.
Modified Nucleosides Always Were: an Evolutionary Model,
p 535-541.
In
Grosjean H, Benne R (ed),
Modification and Editing of RNA.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555818296.ch29
/content/10.1128/9781555818296.chap29.tab29-1
Table 1
Modified nucleosides found at corresponding positions in tRNAs from eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea a
10.1128/9781555818296/tab29-1_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555818296/tab29-1.gif
Table 1
Modified nucleosides found at corresponding positions in tRNAs from eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea a
Citation:
Cermakian N, Cedergren R.
1998.
Modified Nucleosides Always Were: an Evolutionary Model,
p 535-541.
In
Grosjean H, Benne R (ed),
Modification and Editing of RNA.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555818296.ch29
/content/10.1128/9781555818296.chap29.tab29-2
Table 2
Conserved modified nucleosides in rRNAs from eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea a
10.1128/9781555818296/tab29-2_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555818296/tab29-2.gif
Table 2
Conserved modified nucleosides in rRNAs from eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea a
Citation:
Cermakian N, Cedergren R.
1998.
Modified Nucleosides Always Were: an Evolutionary Model,
p 535-541.
In
Grosjean H, Benne R (ed),
Modification and Editing of RNA.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/9781555818296.ch29