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Chapter 12 : Respiratory Infections

Authors: Tasnee Chonmaitree1, Linda Mann2
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Affiliations: 1: Pediatric Infectious Diseases Division, University of Texas Medical Branch. The Children's Hospital, Galveston, Texas 77555-0371; 2: Department of Pathology, Clinical Microbiology Division, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0743
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 1995

Category: Clinical Microbiology; Viruses and Viral Pathogenesis

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Abstract:

Respiratory infections are the most frequent and universal illnesses suffered by children and adults. Evidence that enteroviruses cause respiratory disease has been obtained from three main sources: (i) surveys of patients during outbreaks of respiratory disease, with or without parallel study of healthy subjects; (ii) longitudinal studies of populations during both health and illness; and (iii) experimental inoculation of susceptible hosts with the viruses. This chapter first discusses epidemiology of respiratory disease. Respiratory diseases associated with enteroviruses are usually mild and self-limited. Therefore, opportunities to study the pathogenesis and pathology of these diseases have been limited. Then, the chapter describes clinical presentations of common cold, otitis media, pharyngitis, pharyngotonsillitis, tonsillitis, herpangina, croup, and bronchitis. Due to the mild and self-limited nature of respiratory disease caused by enteroviruses, specific treatment is not generally indicated. Conventional viral culture remains the mainstay for laboratory diagnosis of enteroviral infections of the respiratory tract. Supportive and symptomatic treatment depends on the spectrum and severity of clinical manifestations involved.

Citation: Chonmaitree T, Mann L. 1995. Respiratory Infections, p 255-270. In Rotbart H (ed), Human Enterovirus Infections. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818326.ch12
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Respiratory Infections
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Citation: Chonmaitree T, Mann L. 1995. Respiratory Infections, p 255-270. In Rotbart H (ed), Human Enterovirus Infections. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818326.ch12
/content/10.1128/9781555818326.chap12.fig12-1
FIGURE 1

Viral infections in acute otitis media (AOM) patients by month of the year. Between 1990 and 1992, of the 432 patients with AOM who were studied at UTMB, Galveston, 168 (39%) had documented viral infections of the respiratory tract. Of the 168 virus strains, 25 were nonpolio enteroviruses.

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10.1128/9781555818326/fig12-1.gif
Image of FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1

Viral infections in acute otitis media (AOM) patients by month of the year. Between 1990 and 1992, of the 432 patients with AOM who were studied at UTMB, Galveston, 168 (39%) had documented viral infections of the respiratory tract. Of the 168 virus strains, 25 were nonpolio enteroviruses.

Citation: Chonmaitree T, Mann L. 1995. Respiratory Infections, p 255-270. In Rotbart H (ed), Human Enterovirus Infections. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818326.ch12
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Tables

Respiratory Infections
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Citation: Chonmaitree T, Mann L. 1995. Respiratory Infections, p 255-270. In Rotbart H (ed), Human Enterovirus Infections. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818326.ch12
/content/10.1128/9781555818326.chap12.tab12-1
TABLE 1

Respiratory diagnosis in 93 patients and associated types of nonpolio enteroviruses at UTMB clinical laboratory, 1984 through 1993

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10.1128/9781555818326/tab12-1.gif
Generic image for table
TABLE 1

Respiratory diagnosis in 93 patients and associated types of nonpolio enteroviruses at UTMB clinical laboratory, 1984 through 1993

Citation: Chonmaitree T, Mann L. 1995. Respiratory Infections, p 255-270. In Rotbart H (ed), Human Enterovirus Infections. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818326.ch12
/content/10.1128/9781555818326.chap12.tab12-2
TABLE 2

Respiratory specimens submitted and positive for viruses, UTMB Clinical Laboratory, 1984 through 1993

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10.1128/9781555818326/tab12-2.gif
Generic image for table
TABLE 2

Respiratory specimens submitted and positive for viruses, UTMB Clinical Laboratory, 1984 through 1993

Citation: Chonmaitree T, Mann L. 1995. Respiratory Infections, p 255-270. In Rotbart H (ed), Human Enterovirus Infections. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818326.ch12
/content/10.1128/9781555818326.chap12.tab12-3
TABLE 3

Coxsackievirus and echovirus types associated with respiratory disease

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10.1128/9781555818326/tab12-3.gif
Generic image for table
TABLE 3

Coxsackievirus and echovirus types associated with respiratory disease

Citation: Chonmaitree T, Mann L. 1995. Respiratory Infections, p 255-270. In Rotbart H (ed), Human Enterovirus Infections. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818326.ch12
/content/10.1128/9781555818326.chap12.tab12-4
TABLE 4

Serotypes of nonpolio enteroviruses isolated from patients with acute otitis media

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10.1128/9781555818326/tab12-4.gif
Generic image for table
TABLE 4

Serotypes of nonpolio enteroviruses isolated from patients with acute otitis media

Citation: Chonmaitree T, Mann L. 1995. Respiratory Infections, p 255-270. In Rotbart H (ed), Human Enterovirus Infections. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818326.ch12

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