Laboratory Diagnosis of Enteroviral Infections

Harley A. Rotbart; José R. Romero

doi:10.1128/9781555818326.ch17

Chapter 17 : Laboratory Diagnosis of Enteroviral Infections

Authors: Harley A. Rotbart¹, José R. Romero²

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Affiliations: 1: Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 4200 East 9th Avenue, Box C227, Denver, Colorado 80262; 2: Combined Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Creighton University/University of Nebraska Medical Center, 2500 California Plaza, Criss II Building, Room 409, Omaha, Nebraska 68178

Content Type: Monograph

Publication Year: 1995

Category: Clinical Microbiology; Viruses and Viral Pathogenesis

Book DOI: 10.1128/9781555818326

Chapter DOI: 10.1128/9781555818326.ch17

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Abstract:

In the United States alone, the enteroviruses (EVs) are estimated to cause 5 to 10 million symptomatic infections annually. Laboratory diagnosis of the EVs has exploited many of the distinctive characteristics. The predictable and well-studied growth properties of the EVs in in vitro culture systems or animals have made viral culture the mainstay of diagnosis for the past four decades. Recent insights into the surface features of these agents have revitalized efforts to design immunoassays and serologic tests for both initial detection and subsequent serotyping. Recognition of genetic homology among all of the EVs spawned the development of sensitive and specific nucleic acid detections systems, particularly the PCR, promises to revolutionize EV diagnosis. Other EV detection techniques include electron microscopy, immunoassays, and nucleic acid hybridization. The chapter ends with a discussion on serotype identification, diagnosis, and evaluation and interpretation of results.

Citation: Rotbart H, Romero J. 1995. Laboratory Diagnosis of Enteroviral Infections, p 401-418. In Rotbart H (ed), Human Enterovirus Infections. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818326.ch17

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Laboratory Diagnosis of Enteroviral Infections

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FIGURE 1

Sequences and locations of representative primers and probes for EVs superimposed on the genome of poliovirus type 1 Mahoney (PV1M) (underlined) (sequence obtained from reference 38 ). Homology of the primers and probes to a variety of sequenced enteroviruses is shown in Table 4 . Primers are marked → for sense and ← for antisense relative to the viral genome. Probes are marked ↓ Investigators (first author) reporting the primers and probes are indicated; references follow the same investigators' names in Table 4 . The names for each oligomeric sequence, as designated by the investigators, are shown in parentheses.

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FIGURE 1

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FIGURE 2

Colorimetric microwell plate assay format for detecting enteroviruses by RT-PCR. Colored wells (dark in this black and white photo, yellow in the actual assay) indicate a positive reaction; colorless wells are negative (see text for details).

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FIGURE 2

References

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Tables

Laboratory Diagnosis of Enteroviral Infections

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TABLE 1

EV serotypes

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TABLE 1

EV serotypes

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TABLE 2

Susceptibilities of commonly used cell lines to EVs

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TABLE 2

Susceptibilities of commonly used cell lines to EVs

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TABLE 3

Nucleic acid hybridization studies demonstrating sequence relationships among the EVs a

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TABLE 3

Nucleic acid hybridization studies demonstrating sequence relationships among the EVs a

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TABLE 4

Comparison of universal EV primers and probes with published EV genomic sequences

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TABLE 4

Comparison of universal EV primers and probes with published EV genomic sequences