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Chapter 31 : Role of Sucrose Metabolism in the Cariogenicity of the Mutans Streptococci

Author: Donald J. LeBlanc1
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Affiliations: 1: Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, Texas 78284
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 1994

Category: Microbial Genetics and Molecular Biology; Bacterial Pathogenesis

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Role of Sucrose Metabolism in the Cariogenicity of the Mutans Streptococci, Page 1 of 2

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Abstract:

Dental caries constitutes the most common, and very likely the most expensive, of human diseases. Two members of the mutans streptococci (MS), and , are the most common human cariogenic pathogens. Several enzymes or enzyme systems in the MS are associated with the metabolism of sucrose, and most may be involved in the virulence of these oral pathogens. All MS have glucosyltransferases (GTFs) responsible for the synthesis of extracellular homopolymers of glucose which may be water soluble or insoluble, depending on the proportion of α-1,3 linkages present. The amino acid sequences of the proteins predicted by the respective scrA genes shared only 45% identity, whereas the corresponding sucrose phosphate hydrolase (SPH) proteins predicted by the genes shared ~ 70% amino acid identity. An extremely useful feature of recombinant DNA technology is the ability to manipulate cloned genetic determinants from a particular organism, to replace the wild-type determinant with the altered one, and then to test the effects of such manipulation on the phenotype associated with that determinant. Such a process requires an ability to introduce DNA into the organism under study. Finally, the availability of gene transfer systems and appropriate vector molecules will permit comparative analyses of the regulation of sucrose metabolism in the MS.

Citation: LeBlanc D. 1994. Role of Sucrose Metabolism in the Cariogenicity of the Mutans Streptococci, p 465-477. In Miller V, Kaper J, Portnoy D, Isberg R (ed), Molecular Genetics of Bacterial Pathogenesis. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818340.ch31
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Role of Sucrose Metabolism in the Cariogenicity of the Mutans Streptococci
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Citation: LeBlanc D. 1994. Role of Sucrose Metabolism in the Cariogenicity of the Mutans Streptococci, p 465-477. In Miller V, Kaper J, Portnoy D, Isberg R (ed), Molecular Genetics of Bacterial Pathogenesis. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818340.ch31
/content/10.1128/9781555818340.chap31.fig31-1
Figure 1

Metabolism of sucrose by MS. Abbreviations: FTF, fructosyltransferase; GTF, glucosyl-transferase; MSM, membrane-associated transport proteins of the operon ( ); TTS, very low affinity, non-PTS, third (sucrose) transport system ( ); EH, EII, EII, and EII, trehalose-, sucrose-, glucose-, and fructose-specific enzyme IIs, respectively, of the PTS; Sue, sucrose; Suc-6-P, sucrose phosphorylated in the C-6 position of the glucose moiety; Suc-12-P, sucrose phosphorylated in the C-6 position of the fructose moiety; Glu, glucose; Glu-l-P and Glu-6-P, glucose phosphorylated in the C-1 and C-6 positions, respectively; Fru, fructose; Fru-6-P and Fru-1,6-diP, fructose phosphorylated in the C-6 position and in both the C-1 and C-6 carbon positions, respectively; P-Glu, phosphoglucose; Gly-3-P, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate; DHAP, dihydroxyacetone phosphate; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; PTS, PEP-dependent phosphotransferase system; EI∼P and HPr∼P, phosphorylated EI (enzyme I) and HPr (heat-stable protein), respectively, which are cytoplasmic phosphocarrier proteins of the PTS providing phosphate groups for all sugar-specific Ells; EtOH, ethanol.

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10.1128/9781555818340/fig31-1.gif
Image of Figure 1
Figure 1

Metabolism of sucrose by MS. Abbreviations: FTF, fructosyltransferase; GTF, glucosyl-transferase; MSM, membrane-associated transport proteins of the operon ( ); TTS, very low affinity, non-PTS, third (sucrose) transport system ( ); EH, EII, EII, and EII, trehalose-, sucrose-, glucose-, and fructose-specific enzyme IIs, respectively, of the PTS; Sue, sucrose; Suc-6-P, sucrose phosphorylated in the C-6 position of the glucose moiety; Suc-12-P, sucrose phosphorylated in the C-6 position of the fructose moiety; Glu, glucose; Glu-l-P and Glu-6-P, glucose phosphorylated in the C-1 and C-6 positions, respectively; Fru, fructose; Fru-6-P and Fru-1,6-diP, fructose phosphorylated in the C-6 position and in both the C-1 and C-6 carbon positions, respectively; P-Glu, phosphoglucose; Gly-3-P, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate; DHAP, dihydroxyacetone phosphate; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; PTS, PEP-dependent phosphotransferase system; EI∼P and HPr∼P, phosphorylated EI (enzyme I) and HPr (heat-stable protein), respectively, which are cytoplasmic phosphocarrier proteins of the PTS providing phosphate groups for all sugar-specific Ells; EtOH, ethanol.

Citation: LeBlanc D. 1994. Role of Sucrose Metabolism in the Cariogenicity of the Mutans Streptococci, p 465-477. In Miller V, Kaper J, Portnoy D, Isberg R (ed), Molecular Genetics of Bacterial Pathogenesis. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818340.ch31
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References

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