1887

Chapter 5 : and

Authors: Bruce M. Chassy1, Cynthia M. Murphy1
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Affiliations: 1: Department of Food Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 1993

Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis; Microbial Genetics and Molecular Biology

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Abstract:

This scope of this chapter is limited to discussions of , , , , and , and summarizes and abstracts the major areas of research of lactic acid bacteria. The historical association of the lactic acid bacteria with milk fermentation has encouraged a substantial amount of research on the biochemistry and genetics of lactose and milk protein catabolism. The genus contains a number of divergent species. The genes of and spp. are organized differently than those of . Extracellular protease production in is an unstable and variable trait. The proteinases of lactic acid bacteria produce a complicated mixture of polypeptides that the bacteria must break down into individual amino acids. The finding that some lactic acid bacteria require peptides for growth correlates well with the intracellular location determined for the peptidases. To date, the nucleotide sequences of more than 50 genes isolated from lactic acid bacteria, primarily the lactococci and lactobacilli, are published and available in nucleic acid data banks. Many of these genes are discussed in the chapter. The authors hope that the chapter dissuades the reader from the commonly held belief that little is known about the biology, biochemistry, and genetics of lactic acid bacteria.

Citation: Chassy B, Murphy C. 1993. and , p 65-82. In Sonenshein A, Hoch J, Losick R (ed), and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818388.ch5

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Lactic Acid Bacteria
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Lactococcus lactis
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Lactobacillus helveticus
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Lactococcus and Lactobacillus
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Citation: Chassy B, Murphy C. 1993. and , p 65-82. In Sonenshein A, Hoch J, Losick R (ed), and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818388.ch5
/content/10.1128/9781555818388.chap5.fig5-1
Figure 1

The broad-host-range vector pGK12 is derived from a group N streptococcus cryptic plasmid replicón and the chloramphenicol and erythromycin resistance determinants of pC194 and pE194, respectively, by a strategy similar to that described in the legend to Fig. 2 ( ).

10.1128/9781555818388/fig5-1_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555818388/fig5-1.gif
Image of Figure 1
Figure 1

The broad-host-range vector pGK12 is derived from a group N streptococcus cryptic plasmid replicón and the chloramphenicol and erythromycin resistance determinants of pC194 and pE194, respectively, by a strategy similar to that described in the legend to Fig. 2 ( ).

Citation: Chassy B, Murphy C. 1993. and , p 65-82. In Sonenshein A, Hoch J, Losick R (ed), and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818388.ch5
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Figure 2

The broad-host-range cloning vector pNZ12 originates from the ligation of a I restriction fragment of a high-copy-number subsp. cryptic plasmid with a fragment of DNA encoding antibiotic resistance markers but not an origin of replication followed by transformation into ( ). Km and Cm derive from plasmids pUB110 and pC194, respectively.

10.1128/9781555818388/fig5-2_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555818388/fig5-2.gif
Image of Figure 2
Figure 2

The broad-host-range cloning vector pNZ12 originates from the ligation of a I restriction fragment of a high-copy-number subsp. cryptic plasmid with a fragment of DNA encoding antibiotic resistance markers but not an origin of replication followed by transformation into ( ). Km and Cm derive from plasmids pUB110 and pC194, respectively.

Citation: Chassy B, Murphy C. 1993. and , p 65-82. In Sonenshein A, Hoch J, Losick R (ed), and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818388.ch5
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Tables

Lactococcus and Lactobacillus
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Citation: Chassy B, Murphy C. 1993. and , p 65-82. In Sonenshein A, Hoch J, Losick R (ed), and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818388.ch5
/content/10.1128/9781555818388.chap5.tab5-1
Table 1

Sequence similarities of LacE, LacF, and LacG

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Table 1

Sequence similarities of LacE, LacF, and LacG

Citation: Chassy B, Murphy C. 1993. and , p 65-82. In Sonenshein A, Hoch J, Losick R (ed), and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818388.ch5
/content/10.1128/9781555818388.chap5.tab5-2
Table 2

-derived transcription initiation sites

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Generic image for table
Table 2

-derived transcription initiation sites

Citation: Chassy B, Murphy C. 1993. and , p 65-82. In Sonenshein A, Hoch J, Losick R (ed), and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818388.ch5
/content/10.1128/9781555818388.chap5.tab5-3
Table 3

promoters: sequences near initiation of transcription

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10.1128/9781555818388/tab5-3.gif
Generic image for table
Table 3

promoters: sequences near initiation of transcription

Citation: Chassy B, Murphy C. 1993. and , p 65-82. In Sonenshein A, Hoch J, Losick R (ed), and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818388.ch5
/content/10.1128/9781555818388.chap5.tab5-4
Table 4

RBS used by lactococci in initiation of translation

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Generic image for table
Table 4

RBS used by lactococci in initiation of translation

Citation: Chassy B, Murphy C. 1993. and , p 65-82. In Sonenshein A, Hoch J, Losick R (ed), and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818388.ch5
/content/10.1128/9781555818388.chap5.tab5-5
Table 5

Putative ribosome binding sites of spp.

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10.1128/9781555818388/tab5-5.gif
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Table 5

Putative ribosome binding sites of spp.

Citation: Chassy B, Murphy C. 1993. and , p 65-82. In Sonenshein A, Hoch J, Losick R (ed), and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818388.ch5

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