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Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis; Microbial Genetics and Molecular Biology
Lactococcus and Lactobacillus, Page 1 of 2
< Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555818388/9781555810535_Chap05-1.gif /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555818388/9781555810535_Chap05-2.gifAbstract:
This scope of this chapter is limited to discussions of Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Pediococcus, and Streptococcus thermophilus, and summarizes and abstracts the major areas of research of lactic acid bacteria. The historical association of the lactic acid bacteria with milk fermentation has encouraged a substantial amount of research on the biochemistry and genetics of lactose and milk protein catabolism. The genus Pediococcus contains a number of divergent species. The lac genes of S. thermophilus and Lactobacillus spp. are organized differently than those of E. coli. Extracellular protease production in Lactococcus lactis is an unstable and variable trait. The proteinases of lactic acid bacteria produce a complicated mixture of polypeptides that the bacteria must break down into individual amino acids. The finding that some lactic acid bacteria require peptides for growth correlates well with the intracellular location determined for the peptidases. To date, the nucleotide sequences of more than 50 genes isolated from lactic acid bacteria, primarily the lactococci and lactobacilli, are published and available in nucleic acid data banks. Many of these genes are discussed in the chapter. The authors hope that the chapter dissuades the reader from the commonly held belief that little is known about the biology, biochemistry, and genetics of lactic acid bacteria.
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The broad-host-range vector pGK12 is derived from a group N streptococcus cryptic plasmid replicón and the chloramphenicol and erythromycin resistance determinants of pC194 and pE194, respectively, by a strategy similar to that described in the legend to Fig. 2 ( 98 ).
The broad-host-range vector pGK12 is derived from a group N streptococcus cryptic plasmid replicón and the chloramphenicol and erythromycin resistance determinants of pC194 and pE194, respectively, by a strategy similar to that described in the legend to Fig. 2 ( 98 ).
The broad-host-range cloning vector pNZ12 originates from the ligation of a TaqI restriction fragment of a high-copy-number Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris cryptic plasmid with a fragment of DNA encoding antibiotic resistance markers but not an origin of replication followed by transformation into B. subtilis ( 46 ). Kmr and Cmr derive from S. aureus plasmids pUB110 and pC194, respectively.
The broad-host-range cloning vector pNZ12 originates from the ligation of a TaqI restriction fragment of a high-copy-number Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris cryptic plasmid with a fragment of DNA encoding antibiotic resistance markers but not an origin of replication followed by transformation into B. subtilis ( 46 ). Kmr and Cmr derive from S. aureus plasmids pUB110 and pC194, respectively.
Sequence similarities of LacE, LacF, and LacG
Sequence similarities of LacE, LacF, and LacG
Lactococcus lactis-derived transcription initiation sites a
Lactococcus lactis-derived transcription initiation sites a
Lactobacillus promoters: sequences near initiation of transcription a
Lactobacillus promoters: sequences near initiation of transcription a
RBS used by lactococci in initiation of translation a
RBS used by lactococci in initiation of translation a
Putative ribosome binding sites of Lactobacillus spp.
Putative ribosome binding sites of Lactobacillus spp.