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Category: General Interest
The Neglected Tropical Diseases of North America, Page 1 of 2
< Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555818753/9781555818746_Chap09-1.gif /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555818753/9781555818746_Chap09-2.gifAbstract:
Today, the persistence of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in North America, considered one of the world's wealthiest continents, represents a health disparity of astonishing proportions. The major U.S. NTDs include soil-transmitted helminth infections, especially toxocariasis and strongyloidiasis and cysticercosis, the neglected protozoan infections toxoplasmosis and Chagas disease, and the neglected bacterial and viral infections such as dengue. Cysticercosis may be the single leading cause of epilepsy in the southwestern United States, and toxoplasmosis is a major cause of birth defects. The Inuit of the Canadian Arctic and Alaska also suffer from several NTDs, including toxoplasmosis, trichinellosis, and echinococcosis. Several NTDs, including onchocerciasis, soil-transmitted helminth infections, trachoma, and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), occur frequently in rural southern Mexico, especially in Chiapas, and Chagas disease is still focally endemic. Schistosomiasis and lymphatic filariasis (LF) remain serious endemic NTDs in the Caribbean. Many of these NTDs could be easily controlled or eliminated and at relatively modest cost. The most immediate need is to support studies in order to better assess the true prevalence of these infections and then to identify simple and cost-effective public health solutions.
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Life cycle of human infection with T. canis. (From Public Health Image Library, CDC [http://phil.cdc.gov].)
Life cycle of human infection with T. canis. (From Public Health Image Library, CDC [http://phil.cdc.gov].)
Life cycle of T. solium and cysticercosis. (From Public Health Image Library, CDC [http://phil.cdc.gov].)
Life cycle of T. solium and cysticercosis. (From Public Health Image Library, CDC [http://phil.cdc.gov].)
Life cycle of T. gondii. (From Public Health Image Library, CDC [http://phil.cdc.gov].)
Life cycle of T. gondii. (From Public Health Image Library, CDC [http://phil.cdc.gov].)
WNV, diagnosed cases and attack rate, 2012. Numbers within states are the actual number of cases diagnosed; total cases, 5,064. (Data are from www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/surv&controlCaseCount12_detailed.htm as of November 6, 2012.)
WNV, diagnosed cases and attack rate, 2012. Numbers within states are the actual number of cases diagnosed; total cases, 5,064. (Data are from www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/surv&controlCaseCount12_detailed.htm as of November 6, 2012.)
Summary of the NTDs of the United States and the Arctic region a
a Compiled from Hotez, 2008b ; Hotez, 2010 ; Proulx et al., 2002; and Siddiqui and Berk, 2001 .
Summary of the NTDs of the United States and the Arctic region a
a Compiled from Hotez, 2008b ; Hotez, 2010 ; Proulx et al., 2002; and Siddiqui and Berk, 2001 .