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Chapter 2.6.4 : Microbiological Sampling of Wastewater and Biosolids

Authors: Nicolette A. Zhou, Eric C. Thompson, John Scott Meschke
Content Type: Reference
Publication Year: 2016

Category: Environmental Microbiology

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Abstract:

Detection of microorganisms and viruses in wastewater and biosolids provides important information about the functioning of the wastewater treatment process and can provide insight on disease circulation in the population serviced by the treatment. This chapter discusses the wastewater treatment process and provides a description of how sampling should be performed at the different stages. General sampling procedures and considerations are described, including the use of controls and appropriate sample handling conditions. The chapter provides an overview of the required regulatory sampling as well as provides insight on other rationales for sampling of wastewater and biosolids. Sampling for regulatory microorganisms, including indicator organisms (fecal coliforms) and pathogens (Salmonella spp., enteric viruses, and helminth ova) can inform us about the safety of wastewater discharged or biosolids used in land applications. Discussion of standardized methods for the sampling of bacteria, viruses, and eukaryotic microbes are summarized here. This chapter does not focus on the methods used for isolation and detection of microbiological targets, rather concentration and purification techniques are described for a variety of organisms, including bacteria, viruses, protozoan and helminths.

Citation: Zhou N, Thompson E, Scott Meschke J. 2016. Microbiological Sampling of Wastewater and Biosolids, p 2.6.4-1-2.6.4-14. In Yates M, Nakatsu C, Miller R, Pillai S (ed), Manual of Environmental Microbiology, Fourth Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818821.ch2.6.4
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Tables

Microbiological Sampling of Wastewater and Biosolids
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Citation: Zhou N, Thompson E, Scott Meschke J. 2016. Microbiological Sampling of Wastewater and Biosolids, p 2.6.4-1-2.6.4-14. In Yates M, Nakatsu C, Miller R, Pillai S (ed), Manual of Environmental Microbiology, Fourth Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818821.ch2.6.4
/content/10.1128/9781555818821.ch2.6.4.ch2.6.4tab01
TABLE 1

Standards for Class A and B biosolids (Part 503 Pathogen Density Limits, U.S. EPA, 2003)

Generic image for table
TABLE 1

Standards for Class A and B biosolids (Part 503 Pathogen Density Limits, U.S. EPA, 2003)

Citation: Zhou N, Thompson E, Scott Meschke J. 2016. Microbiological Sampling of Wastewater and Biosolids, p 2.6.4-1-2.6.4-14. In Yates M, Nakatsu C, Miller R, Pillai S (ed), Manual of Environmental Microbiology, Fourth Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818821.ch2.6.4

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