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Chapter 2 : Characterization of the Funeral Groups Associated with Plague Epidemics
Authors:
Stéfan Tzortzis1,
Michel Signoli2
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Affiliations:
1: UMR 7268 ADES, Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique, Santé - AMU/CNRS/EFS, Marseille, France;
2: UMR 7268 ADES, Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique, Santé - AMU/CNRS/EFS, Marseille, France
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year:
2016
Category: General Interest; Microbial Genetics and Molecular Biology
Book DOI:
10.1128/9781555819170
Chapter DOI:
10.1128/microbiolspec.PoH-0011-2015
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Characterization of the Funeral Groups Associated with Plague Epidemics, Page 1 of 2
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Abstract:
There are several scenarios regarding how burial sites in archaeological contexts are discovered. We will focus on two scenarios according to the degree of historical knowledge regarding the studied sector. The excavation may be performed in a known funeral place or a highly suspected place (e.g., the interior or immediate exterior space in a religious monument or a parish cemetery). Also, the excavation of unexpected graves or graves discovered by chance may occur in places that had unknown or forgotten funeral purposes.
Citation:
Tzortzis S, Signoli M.
2016.
Characterization of the Funeral Groups Associated with Plague Epidemics,
p 13-20.
In
Drancourt M, Raoult D (ed),
Paleomicrobiology of Humans.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PoH-0011-2015
Figures
Characterization of the Funeral Groups Associated with Plague Epidemics
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Citation:
Tzortzis S, Signoli M.
2016.
Characterization of the Funeral Groups Associated with Plague Epidemics,
p 13-20.
In
Drancourt M, Raoult D (ed),
Paleomicrobiology of Humans.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PoH-0011-2015
/content/10.1128/9781555819170.chap2.fig2-1
Figure 1
Grave in the “Major” cathedral in Marseille: the view southward (copyright INRAP).
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10.1128/9781555819170/fig2-1.gif
Figure 1
Grave in the “Major” cathedral in Marseille: the view southward (copyright INRAP).
Citation:
Tzortzis S, Signoli M.
2016.
Characterization of the Funeral Groups Associated with Plague Epidemics,
p 13-20.
In
Drancourt M, Raoult D (ed),
Paleomicrobiology of Humans.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PoH-0011-2015
/content/10.1128/9781555819170.chap2.fig2-2
Figure 2
General overview of the cemetery in Lariey—distribution of graves (drafted by B. B. Bizot and M. Olive; computer-aided design by B. B. Bizot).
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10.1128/9781555819170/fig2-2.gif
Figure 2
General overview of the cemetery in Lariey—distribution of graves (drafted by B. B. Bizot and M. Olive; computer-aided design by B. B. Bizot).
Citation:
Tzortzis S, Signoli M.
2016.
Characterization of the Funeral Groups Associated with Plague Epidemics,
p 13-20.
In
Drancourt M, Raoult D (ed),
Paleomicrobiology of Humans.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PoH-0011-2015
/content/10.1128/9781555819170.chap2.fig2-3
Figure 3
Detailed view of a burial site during the excavation of Lazzaretto Vecchio at the Venice site (copyright Michel Signoli).
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10.1128/9781555819170/fig2-3.gif
Figure 3
Detailed view of a burial site during the excavation of Lazzaretto Vecchio at the Venice site (copyright Michel Signoli).
Citation:
Tzortzis S, Signoli M.
2016.
Characterization of the Funeral Groups Associated with Plague Epidemics,
p 13-20.
In
Drancourt M, Raoult D (ed),
Paleomicrobiology of Humans.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PoH-0011-2015
/content/10.1128/9781555819170.chap2.fig2-4
Figure 4
Distributions by age group (gender mixed) of the adult population before (November of 1720) and following (June of 1721) the plague episode. A nonparametric test (Mann-Whitney U test) revealed that there were no significant differences at the threshold of 0.01 between the two distributions.
10.1128/9781555819170/fig2-4_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555819170/fig2-4.gif
Figure 4
Distributions by age group (gender mixed) of the adult population before (November of 1720) and following (June of 1721) the plague episode. A nonparametric test (Mann-Whitney U test) revealed that there were no significant differences at the threshold of 0.01 between the two distributions.
Citation:
Tzortzis S, Signoli M.
2016.
Characterization of the Funeral Groups Associated with Plague Epidemics,
p 13-20.
In
Drancourt M, Raoult D (ed),
Paleomicrobiology of Humans.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PoH-0011-2015
/content/10.1128/9781555819170.chap2.fig2-5
Figure 5
(Top) Proportional distributions of the living adult population by age group before the epidemic (November of 1720) and for the archaeological sample. The two series did not differ from each other at the threshold of 0.01. (Bottom) Proportional distributions of the living adult population by age group following the epidemic (June of 1721) and for the archaeological sample. The two series did not differ significantly from each other at the threshold of 0.01 (nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test).
10.1128/9781555819170/fig2-5_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555819170/fig2-5.gif
Figure 5
(Top) Proportional distributions of the living adult population by age group before the epidemic (November of 1720) and for the archaeological sample. The two series did not differ from each other at the threshold of 0.01. (Bottom) Proportional distributions of the living adult population by age group following the epidemic (June of 1721) and for the archaeological sample. The two series did not differ significantly from each other at the threshold of 0.01 (nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test).
Citation:
Tzortzis S, Signoli M.
2016.
Characterization of the Funeral Groups Associated with Plague Epidemics,
p 13-20.
In
Drancourt M, Raoult D (ed),
Paleomicrobiology of Humans.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PoH-0011-2015
/content/10.1128/9781555819170.chap2.fig2-6
Figure 6
Comparative analysis of the resulting percentages (%) of demographic reduction for each ten-year age group due to the smallpox epidemic of 1705, the wheat production crisis during Great Frost in 1709-1710, and the plague epidemic of 1720-1721 in Martigues.
10.1128/9781555819170/fig2-6_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555819170/fig2-6.gif
Figure 6
Comparative analysis of the resulting percentages (%) of demographic reduction for each ten-year age group due to the smallpox epidemic of 1705, the wheat production crisis during Great Frost in 1709-1710, and the plague epidemic of 1720-1721 in Martigues.
Citation:
Tzortzis S, Signoli M.
2016.
Characterization of the Funeral Groups Associated with Plague Epidemics,
p 13-20.
In
Drancourt M, Raoult D (ed),
Paleomicrobiology of Humans.
ASM Press, Washington, DC.
doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PoH-0011-2015
References
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