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Chapter 29 : Recent Advances and Understanding of Using Probiotic-Based Interventions to Restore Homeostasis of the Microbiome for the Prevention/Therapy of Bacterial Diseases

Authors: Jan S. Suchodolski1, Albert E. Jergens2
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Affiliations: 1: Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845; 2: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 2016
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Recent Advances and Understanding of Using Probiotic-Based Interventions to Restore Homeostasis of the Microbiome for the Prevention/Therapy of Bacterial Diseases, Page 1 of 2

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Abstract:

The mammalian gastrointestinal (GI) tract is comprised of several hundred species of microorganisms including bacteria, archaea, fungi, bacteriophages, eukaryotic viruses, and protozoa. This complex and eclectic ecosystem is collectively known as the gut microbiota. Bacteria are by far the most abundant constituent of the microbiota; studies using DNA shotgun sequencing analysis have estimated that bacteria make up approximately 98% of all metagenomic sequences in fecal samples of various mammals ( ). The GI microbiota is acquired rapidly after birth and undergoes substantial compositional changes (from a more aerobic to a predominantly anaerobic flora) in the first 1 to 2 years of life before reaching a stable and symbiotic relationship with the host ( ). It then remains dynamic but relatively stable throughout adulthood unless perturbed.

Citation: Suchodolski J, Jergens A. 2016. Recent Advances and Understanding of Using Probiotic-Based Interventions to Restore Homeostasis of the Microbiome for the Prevention/Therapy of Bacterial Diseases, p 823-841. In Kudva I, Cornick N, Plummer P, Zhang Q, Nicholson T, Bannantine J, Bellaire B (ed),

Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogens, Fifth Edition

. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.VMBF-0025-2015
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Recent Advances and Understanding of Using Probiotic-Based Interventions to Restore Homeostasis of the Microbiome for the Prevention/Therapy of Bacterial Diseases
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Citation: Suchodolski J, Jergens A. 2016. Recent Advances and Understanding of Using Probiotic-Based Interventions to Restore Homeostasis of the Microbiome for the Prevention/Therapy of Bacterial Diseases, p 823-841. In Kudva I, Cornick N, Plummer P, Zhang Q, Nicholson T, Bannantine J, Bellaire B (ed),

Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogens, Fifth Edition

. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.VMBF-0025-2015
/content/10.1128/9781555819286.chap29.fig29-1
Figure 1

Potential mechanisms for probiotic activity.

10.1128/9781555819286/fig29-1_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555819286/fig29-1.gif
Image of Figure 1
Figure 1

Potential mechanisms for probiotic activity.

Citation: Suchodolski J, Jergens A. 2016. Recent Advances and Understanding of Using Probiotic-Based Interventions to Restore Homeostasis of the Microbiome for the Prevention/Therapy of Bacterial Diseases, p 823-841. In Kudva I, Cornick N, Plummer P, Zhang Q, Nicholson T, Bannantine J, Bellaire B (ed),

Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogens, Fifth Edition

. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.VMBF-0025-2015
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Figure 2

Three-color FISH identifies mucosal bacteria adherent to the colonic mucosa in a dog receiving probiotic VSL #3 as therapy for IBD. spp. appear orange (Erec482-Cy3 probe) against green (Eub338-FITC probe) and blue (DAPI stain) backgrounds.

10.1128/9781555819286/fig29-2_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555819286/fig29-2.gif
Image of Figure 2
Figure 2

Three-color FISH identifies mucosal bacteria adherent to the colonic mucosa in a dog receiving probiotic VSL #3 as therapy for IBD. spp. appear orange (Erec482-Cy3 probe) against green (Eub338-FITC probe) and blue (DAPI stain) backgrounds.

Citation: Suchodolski J, Jergens A. 2016. Recent Advances and Understanding of Using Probiotic-Based Interventions to Restore Homeostasis of the Microbiome for the Prevention/Therapy of Bacterial Diseases, p 823-841. In Kudva I, Cornick N, Plummer P, Zhang Q, Nicholson T, Bannantine J, Bellaire B (ed),

Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogens, Fifth Edition

. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.VMBF-0025-2015
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Tables

Recent Advances and Understanding of Using Probiotic-Based Interventions to Restore Homeostasis of the Microbiome for the Prevention/Therapy of Bacterial Diseases
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Citation: Suchodolski J, Jergens A. 2016. Recent Advances and Understanding of Using Probiotic-Based Interventions to Restore Homeostasis of the Microbiome for the Prevention/Therapy of Bacterial Diseases, p 823-841. In Kudva I, Cornick N, Plummer P, Zhang Q, Nicholson T, Bannantine J, Bellaire B (ed),

Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogens, Fifth Edition

. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.VMBF-0025-2015
/content/10.1128/9781555819286.chap29.tab29-1
TABLE 1

Clinical disorders associated with altered intestinal microbiota

Generic image for table
TABLE 1

Clinical disorders associated with altered intestinal microbiota

Citation: Suchodolski J, Jergens A. 2016. Recent Advances and Understanding of Using Probiotic-Based Interventions to Restore Homeostasis of the Microbiome for the Prevention/Therapy of Bacterial Diseases, p 823-841. In Kudva I, Cornick N, Plummer P, Zhang Q, Nicholson T, Bannantine J, Bellaire B (ed),

Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogens, Fifth Edition

. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.VMBF-0025-2015
/content/10.1128/9781555819286.chap29.tab29-2
TABLE 2

Practical considerations for FMT

Generic image for table
TABLE 2

Practical considerations for FMT

Citation: Suchodolski J, Jergens A. 2016. Recent Advances and Understanding of Using Probiotic-Based Interventions to Restore Homeostasis of the Microbiome for the Prevention/Therapy of Bacterial Diseases, p 823-841. In Kudva I, Cornick N, Plummer P, Zhang Q, Nicholson T, Bannantine J, Bellaire B (ed),

Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogens, Fifth Edition

. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.VMBF-0025-2015

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