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Chapter 13 : The Exosporium: What’s the Big “Hairy” Deal?

Authors: Joel A. Bozue1, Susan Welkos2, Christopher K. Cote3
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Affiliations: 1: U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Division of Bacteriology, Fort Detrick, MD 21702; 2: U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Division of Bacteriology, Fort Detrick, MD 21702; 3: U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Division of Bacteriology, Fort Detrick, MD 21702
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 2016

Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis

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The Exosporium: What’s the Big “Hairy” Deal?, Page 1 of 2

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Abstract:

In some species, including , the coat and a glycoprotein layer referred to as the spore crust are the outermost layer of the spore ( Fig. 1 ). These spore structures are discussed in more detail in Driks and Eichenberger ( ). In others, such as the family, there is an additional layer that envelops the coat, called the exosporium, which is distinct from the crust. In the case of , one of the three pathogenic species of the family, a series of fine hair-like projections, also referred to as a “hair-like” nap, extends from the exosporium basal layer ( ) ( Fig. 1 ). Other exosporium-producing species, such as , lack this “hairy” nap ( Fig. 1 ). Separating the exosporium from the rest of the spore structure is an area referred to as the interspace ( ).

Citation: Bozue J, Welkos S, Cote C. 2016. The Exosporium: What’s the Big “Hairy” Deal?, p 253-268. In Driks A, Eichenberger P (ed), The Bacterial Spore: from Molecules to Systems. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.TBS-0021-2015
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The Bacillus anthracis Exosporium: What’s the Big “Hairy” Deal?
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Citation: Bozue J, Welkos S, Cote C. 2016. The Exosporium: What’s the Big “Hairy” Deal?, p 253-268. In Driks A, Eichenberger P (ed), The Bacterial Spore: from Molecules to Systems. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.TBS-0021-2015
/content/10.1128/9781555819323.chap13.fig13-1
Figure 1

Electron micrographs of , and spores. The spore coat (white bar) or exosporium (black bar) as present is labeled for the various species. The arrow indicates the presence of a crust on the spore. The micrograph is courtesy of Adam Driks, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL.

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10.1128/9781555819323/fig13-1.gif
Image of Figure 1
Figure 1

Electron micrographs of , and spores. The spore coat (white bar) or exosporium (black bar) as present is labeled for the various species. The arrow indicates the presence of a crust on the spore. The micrograph is courtesy of Adam Driks, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL.

Citation: Bozue J, Welkos S, Cote C. 2016. The Exosporium: What’s the Big “Hairy” Deal?, p 253-268. In Driks A, Eichenberger P (ed), The Bacterial Spore: from Molecules to Systems. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.TBS-0021-2015
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Figure 2

Association of spores to bronchial epithelial cells. Micrographs of spores associated with the bronchial epithelial cells. Samples were stained with spore stain (malachite green) and counterstained with a Wright-Giemsa stain. Ames spores (indicated by white arrows) with the cells. mutant spores with the cells. Reprinted from reference with permission.

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10.1128/9781555819323/fig13-2.gif
Image of Figure 2
Figure 2

Association of spores to bronchial epithelial cells. Micrographs of spores associated with the bronchial epithelial cells. Samples were stained with spore stain (malachite green) and counterstained with a Wright-Giemsa stain. Ames spores (indicated by white arrows) with the cells. mutant spores with the cells. Reprinted from reference with permission.

Citation: Bozue J, Welkos S, Cote C. 2016. The Exosporium: What’s the Big “Hairy” Deal?, p 253-268. In Driks A, Eichenberger P (ed), The Bacterial Spore: from Molecules to Systems. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.TBS-0021-2015
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Figure 3

Scanning and transmission electron micrographs of the interaction between spores and bronchial epithelial cells. Adherence of Ames spores to cells 2 h postinfection. Bar corresponds to 5 µm. Adherence of mutant spores to cells 2 h postinfection. Bar corresponds to 10 µm. mutant spores incubated with cells. Bar corresponds to 5 µm. Close-up view from boxed area in panel C. Bar corresponds to 0.5 µm. Reprinted from reference with permission.

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10.1128/9781555819323/fig13-3.gif
Image of Figure 3
Figure 3

Scanning and transmission electron micrographs of the interaction between spores and bronchial epithelial cells. Adherence of Ames spores to cells 2 h postinfection. Bar corresponds to 5 µm. Adherence of mutant spores to cells 2 h postinfection. Bar corresponds to 10 µm. mutant spores incubated with cells. Bar corresponds to 5 µm. Close-up view from boxed area in panel C. Bar corresponds to 0.5 µm. Reprinted from reference with permission.

Citation: Bozue J, Welkos S, Cote C. 2016. The Exosporium: What’s the Big “Hairy” Deal?, p 253-268. In Driks A, Eichenberger P (ed), The Bacterial Spore: from Molecules to Systems. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.TBS-0021-2015
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