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Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis
The Role of Bacterial Spores in Metal Cycling and Their Potential Application in Metal Contaminant Bioremediation, Page 1 of 2
< Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555819323/9781555816759_Chap18-1.gif /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555819323/9781555816759_Chap18-2.gifAbstract:
Life and elemental cycles are intertwined through biogeochemistry. Organisms not only order atoms into dynamic molecules, they also help control the composition of their natural environments along with chemical, physical, and geological processes. Elements such as C, H, O, N, P, and S make up the backbone of life on earth. These, combined with a suite of trace nutrients including metals such as Fe, Cu, and Mn, compose all the structural, mechanical, and messaging components of the cell. They are fixed from the environment and cycled through metabolic transformations. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms are abundant and perform many geochemical cycling processes including biotransformation, mineral dissolution, and biomineralization. This review focuses on the contribution of bacteria and, more specifically, bacterial spores to metal speciation in the environment. Many of these metal transformations are required for cellular metabolism and are facilitated by metals via electron transfer in metal-protein centers.
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Schematic diagrams of in situ remediation by bacterial inoculation and biobarrier installation (top) and ex situ remediation by pump and treat method (bottom).
Schematic diagrams of in situ remediation by bacterial inoculation and biobarrier installation (top) and ex situ remediation by pump and treat method (bottom).
Transmission electron micrograph Bacillus sp. SG-1 spore with spiny MnO2 oxides localized to the exosporium from reference 68 (bar = 0.25 µm).
Transmission electron micrograph Bacillus sp. SG-1 spore with spiny MnO2 oxides localized to the exosporium from reference 68 (bar = 0.25 µm).
Proposed Mn(II) oxidation mechanism by Bacillus spp. multicopper oxidase MnxG (adapted from reference 98 ).
Proposed Mn(II) oxidation mechanism by Bacillus spp. multicopper oxidase MnxG (adapted from reference 98 ).
Examples of oxidation and sorption of metals by bacterial spores.
Examples of oxidation and sorption of metals by bacterial spores.
Examples of elements precipitated by bacteria
Examples of elements precipitated by bacteria