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Category: Microbial Genetics and Molecular Biology; Bacterial Pathogenesis
Impact of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF Technology on Tuberculosis Control, Page 1 of 2
< Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555819569/9781555819552_Chap18-1.gif /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555819569/9781555819552_Chap18-2.gifAbstract:
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health security risk and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The TB epidemic continues unabated, with 9.6 million infections occurring globally in 2014, coupled with an overall 1.5 million deaths ( 1 ). Of these infected individuals, 12% were found to have concomitant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. While prevalence and incidence vary significantly across countries, the annual global incidence has decreased year after year since 2000 by an average of 1.5%. Twenty-two high-burden countries (HBCs) are responsible for 80% of all estimated incident TB cases. Alarmingly, one-third of all TB cases remain undiagnosed (or underreported), and the statistics are significantly worse for drug-resistant TB ( 2 ). Reported multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) cases are inevitably on the rise as increased numbers of individuals are being diagnosed and treated, adherence remains unchecked or unsuccessful, and infection control practices remain suboptimal. Nearly half a million MDR-TB cases are diagnosed annually, representing less than a quarter of estimated incident cases ( 2 ). There is significant work to be done to improve detection of drug-resistant TB and to ensure linkage to appropriate care of patients.
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Diagram showing the phased implementation starting in high-burden districts.
Diagram showing the phased implementation starting in high-burden districts.
GeneXpert placement in 207 microscopy centers in South Africa.
GeneXpert placement in 207 microscopy centers in South Africa.
Innovations that accompanied the GeneXpert implementation in South Africa.
Innovations that accompanied the GeneXpert implementation in South Africa.
Cumulative risk curves based on Cox models using individual patient data for the key randomized control trials evaluating mortality associated with GeneXpert compared to smear microscopy.
Cumulative risk curves based on Cox models using individual patient data for the key randomized control trials evaluating mortality associated with GeneXpert compared to smear microscopy.
NAAT-based TB technologies in the pipeline a
Challenges experienced with large-scale implementation of GeneXpert technology and mitigation strategies a
Challenges experienced with large-scale implementation of GeneXpert technology and mitigation strategies a
GeneXpert impact on treatment outcomes: review of studies
GeneXpert impact on treatment outcomes: review of studies