Packing and Shipping Biological Materials

Ryan F. Relich; James W. Snyder

doi:10.1128/9781555819637.ch24

Chapter 24 : Packing and Shipping Biological Materials

Authors: Ryan F. Relich¹, James W. Snyder²

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Affiliations: 1: Division of Clinical Microbiology, Indiana University Health Pathology Laboratory, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; 2: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky

Content Type: Reference

Publication Year: 2017

Category: Applied and Industrial Microbiology; Clinical Microbiology

Book DOI: 10.1128/9781555819637

Chapter DOI: 10.1128/9781555819637.ch24

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Abstract:

Laboratory workers who ship or transport dangerous goods, in general, and diagnostic specimens and infectious substances, in particular, by a commercial land or air carrier are required to follow a complex and often confusing set of national and international regulations and requirements. The purpose of these regulations and requirements is to protect the public, emergency responders, laboratory workers, and personnel involved in the transportation industry from accidental exposure to the contents of the packages (1–3).

Citation: Relich R, Snyder J. 2017. Packing and Shipping Biological Materials, p 475-491. In Wooley D, Byers K (ed), Biological Safety: Principles and Practices, Fifth Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555819637.ch24

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Figures

Packing and Shipping Biological Materials

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Figure 1

Algorithm to help shippers select appropriate packing instructions. The algorithm represents the authors’ interpretations of IATA and DOT regulations.

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Figure 1

Algorithm to help shippers select appropriate packing instructions. The algorithm represents the authors’ interpretations of IATA and DOT regulations.

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Figure 2

Labels that indicate an infectious substance (Class 6), proper shipping name, UN identification number, and quantity of substance. In accordance with DOT regulations, the Class 6 Infectious Substance labels with the text “In U.S.A. Notify Director-CDC, Atlanta, GA 1-800-232-0124” are no longer permissible for labeling containers of infectious substances.

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Figure 2

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Figure 3

Markings that indicate a Biological Substance, Category B, and appropriate UN number.

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Figure 3

Markings that indicate a Biological Substance, Category B, and appropriate UN number.

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Figure 4

Label that indicates a miscellaneous (Class 9) dangerous good (2 kg of dry ice).

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Figure 4

Label that indicates a miscellaneous (Class 9) dangerous good (2 kg of dry ice).

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Figure 5

Label that indicates the correct orientation of package during shipping.

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Figure 5

Label that indicates the correct orientation of package during shipping.

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Figure 6

Label that indicates a substance must be transported only in a cargo (not passenger) aircraft.

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Figure 6

Label that indicates a substance must be transported only in a cargo (not passenger) aircraft.

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Figure 7

Marking that indicates an overpack is used and inner packages comply with regulations.

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Figure 7

Marking that indicates an overpack is used and inner packages comply with regulations.

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Figure 8

Label that indicates an exempt human specimen (e.g., blood) being transported for routine diagnostic testing (e.g., cholesterol testing).

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Figure 8

Label that indicates an exempt human specimen (e.g., blood) being transported for routine diagnostic testing (e.g., cholesterol testing).

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Figure 9

Label that indicates the outer container has met IATA-specified manufacturing standards.

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Figure 9

Label that indicates the outer container has met IATA-specified manufacturing standards.

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Figure 10

A completely labeled outer package. The primary container inside the package contains an Exempt Human Specimen and is packed according to IATA directions.

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Figure 10

A completely labeled outer package. The primary container inside the package contains an Exempt Human Specimen and is packed according to IATA directions.

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Figure 11

A completely labeled outer package. The primary container inside the package contains a Category B infectious substance (diagnostic or clinical specimen) and is packed according to PI 650.

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Figure 11

A completely labeled outer package. The primary container inside the package contains a Category B infectious substance (diagnostic or clinical specimen) and is packed according to PI 650.

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Figure 12

A completely labeled outer package. The primary container inside the package contains a Category A infectious substance and is packed according to PI 620.

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Figure 12

A completely labeled outer package. The primary container inside the package contains a Category A infectious substance and is packed according to PI 620.

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Figure 13

Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods and 13 sections which must be completed by the shipper.

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Figure 13

Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods and 13 sections which must be completed by the shipper.

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Figure 14

Completed Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods.

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Figure 14

Completed Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods.

References

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1. Denys GA, Gray LD, Snyder JW, . 2004. Cumitech 40, Packing and shipping diagnostic specimens and infectious substances. Sewell DL (ed). ASM Press, Washington, DC.

2. International Air Transport Association . 2015. Dangerous Goods Regulations, 56th ed. International Air Transport Association, Montreal, Canada.

3. Snyder JW . 2002. Packaging and shipping of infectious substances. Clin Microbiol Newsl 24 : 89– 93[CrossRef].

4. World Health Organization . 2015. Guidance on regulations for the transport of infectious substances 2015 – 2016. World Health Organization, Geneva (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/149288/1/WHO_HSE_GCR_2015.2_eng.pdf)

5. McKay J, Fleming DO, . 2000. Packaging and shipping biological materials, p 411– 423. In Fleming DO, Hunt DL (ed), Biological Safety: Principles and Practices, 3rd ed. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.

6. United States Department of Transportation, Research and Special Programs Administration . 2002. Hazardous materials: revision to standards for infectious substances and genetically modified organisms; final rule. Fed Regist 67 : 53118– 53144.

7. United States Department of Transportation, Research and Special Programs Administration . 2004. Harmonization with the United Nations Recommendations, International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code, and International Civil Aviation Organization's Technical Instructions; final rule. Fed Regist 69 : 76043– 76187.

8. United States Department of Transportation, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration . 2005. Hazardous materials: infectious substances; harmonization with the United Nations recommendations; proposed rule. Fed Regist 96 : 29170– 29187.

9. United States Postal Service . 2016. Mailing standards of the United States postal service, domestic mail manual. (http://about.usps.com/manuals/welcome.htm)

10. United States Postal Service . 2015. Publication 52: Hazardous, restricted, and perishable mail. (http://pe.usps.com/text/pub52/welcome.htm)

11. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture . 2016. Agricultural bioterrorism protection act of 2002: Possession, use, and transfer of biological agents and toxins; final rule (7 CFR Part 331; 9 CFR Part 121). Fed Regist 70 : 13242– 13292 http://www.selectagents.gov/.

12. Centers of Disease Control and Prevention and the Office of the Inspector General, United States Department of Health and Human Services . 2016. Possession, use, and transfer of select agents and toxins; final rule (42 CFR Part 73). Fed. Regist. 70: 13316– 13325. http://www.selectagents.gov/

Tables

Packing and Shipping Biological Materials

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Table 1.

Agencies governing transportation of dangerous goods

Table 1.

Agencies governing transportation of dangerous goods

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Table 2.

IATA-defined classes of dangerous goods

Table 2.

IATA-defined classes of dangerous goods

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Table 3.

Types, proper shipping names, UN numbers, and packaging instructions (or directions) for IATA Division 6.2 infectious substances ( 2 )

Table 3.

Types, proper shipping names, UN numbers, and packaging instructions (or directions) for IATA Division 6.2 infectious substances ( 2 )

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Table 4.

Examples of infectious substances included in Category A in any form unless otherwise indicated a

Table 4.

Examples of infectious substances included in Category A in any form unless otherwise indicated a

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Table 5.

Information provided in the IATA alphabetical List of Dangerous Goods and applicable to completing a Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods

Table 5.

Information provided in the IATA alphabetical List of Dangerous Goods and applicable to completing a Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods

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Table 6.

Selected examples of dangerous goods from the IATA alphabetical list of Dangerous Goods a

Table 6.

Selected examples of dangerous goods from the IATA alphabetical list of Dangerous Goods a

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Table 7.

Comparison of IATA packing instructions 650 and 620, and packing directions for exempt human specimens

Table 7.

Comparison of IATA packing instructions 650 and 620, and packing directions for exempt human specimens