Safety Considerations in the Biosafety Level 4 Maximum-Containment Laboratory

David S. Bressler; Robert J. Hawley

doi:10.1128/9781555819637.ch38

Chapter 38 : Safety Considerations in the Biosafety Level 4 Maximum-Containment Laboratory

Authors: David S. Bressler¹, Robert J. Hawley²

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Affiliations: 1: Centers for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; 2: Consultant, Biological Safety and Security, Frederick, Maryland

Content Type: Reference

Publication Year: 2017

Category: Applied and Industrial Microbiology; Clinical Microbiology

Book DOI: 10.1128/9781555819637

Chapter DOI: 10.1128/9781555819637.ch38

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Abstract:

The number of biosafety level 4 (BSL4) maximum-containment laboratories (facilities) worldwide has increased significantly. In the early 1980s, only two such laboratories existed in North America, one at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, GA, and the other at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Fort Detrick, MD. By early 2005, there were at least six operational BSL4-capable laboratories in the United States and over a dozen worldwide (1). As of September 2011, there are at least 13 operational or planned BSL4 facilities within the United States (see also http://fas.org/programs/bio/research.html#USBSL4). Canada also has operational BSL4 laboratories in Winnipeg, Manitoba, for the study of both human and animal disease agents. Worldwide there are at least 27 operational BSL4 facilities (2).

Citation: Bressler D, Hawley R. 2017. Safety Considerations in the Biosafety Level 4 Maximum-Containment Laboratory, p 695-717. In Wooley D, Byers K (ed), Biological Safety: Principles and Practices, Fifth Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555819637.ch38

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Safety Considerations in the Biosafety Level 4 Maximum-Containment Laboratory

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Figure 1

Class III biological safety cabinet (CDC).

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Figure 1

Class III biological safety cabinet (CDC).

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Figure 2

Class III biological safety cabinet (USAMRIID).

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Figure 2

Class III biological safety cabinet (USAMRIID).

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Figure 3

Generalized Class III biological safety cabinet laboratory facility.

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Figure 3

Generalized Class III biological safety cabinet laboratory facility.

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Figure 4

Personal protective suit laboratory (CDC).

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Figure 4

Personal protective suit laboratory (CDC).

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Figure 5

Generalized BSL4 protective suit laboratory facility schematic.

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Figure 5

Generalized BSL4 protective suit laboratory facility schematic.

References

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Tables

Safety Considerations in the Biosafety Level 4 Maximum-Containment Laboratory

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Table 1.

Maximum-containment conditions for work in the laboratory (BSL4) or with animals (ABSL4) a

Table 1.

Maximum-containment conditions for work in the laboratory (BSL4) or with animals (ABSL4) a

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Table 2.

Example of BSL4 job hazard analysis a

Table 2.

Example of BSL4 job hazard analysis a

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Table 3.

Advantages and disadvantages of using a Class III biological safety cabinet

Table 3.

Advantages and disadvantages of using a Class III biological safety cabinet

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Table 4.

Advantages and disadvantages of using a personal protective suit

Table 4.

Advantages and disadvantages of using a personal protective suit

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Table 5.

List of training and proficiency items for the BSL4 environment a

Table 5.

List of training and proficiency items for the BSL4 environment a