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Chapter 9 : Viral Agents of Human Disease: Biosafety Concerns

Authors: Michelle Rozo1, James Lawler2, Jason Paragas3
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Affiliations: 1: Navy Medical Research Center, Clinical Research, Fort Detrick, Maryland; 2: Navy Medical Research Center, Clinical Research, Fort Detrick, Maryland; 3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Global Security, Livermore, California
Content Type: Reference
Publication Year: 2017

Category: Applied and Industrial Microbiology; Clinical Microbiology

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Abstract:

This chapter discusses the unique hazards of handling biosamples that contain viruses and the illnesses that can result from occupational exposure and infection. Basic concepts of virology and clinical syndromes of viral infections are reviewed, with specific attention dedicated to viral pathogens associated with a risk of work-acquired infections. The last section addresses laboratory safety challenges presented by newer biotechnologies. Armed with the knowledge presented in this chapter, the laboratorian will be able to define a risk management matrix based on the risk of a virus in a specimen from a patient manifesting a specific illness, the types of procedures used in the laboratory, and the potential outcome of a laboratory-acquired infection (LAI).

Citation: Rozo M, Lawler J, Paragas J. 2017. Viral Agents of Human Disease: Biosafety Concerns, p 187-220. In Wooley D, Byers K (ed), Biological Safety: Principles and Practices, Fifth Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555819637.ch9
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Viral Agents of Human Disease: Biosafety Concerns
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Citation: Rozo M, Lawler J, Paragas J. 2017. Viral Agents of Human Disease: Biosafety Concerns, p 187-220. In Wooley D, Byers K (ed), Biological Safety: Principles and Practices, Fifth Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555819637.ch9
/content/10.1128/9781555819637.ch9.ch9fig1
Figure 1

Risk matrix that may serve as a framework for making decisions for planned experiments and for analyzing the impact of experimental and engineering controls used to manage risk. The consequences, of increasing severity, are noted on the axis. The axis represents the probability of an event occurring. Stoplight colors are used to indicate regions of the matrix that may represent areas of differing risks. The eclipse is a representative of the wide scope that genetically engineered viruses may represent in the matrix.

10.1128/9781555819637/9637ch9fig1_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555819637/9637ch9fig1.gif
Image of Figure 1
Figure 1

Risk matrix that may serve as a framework for making decisions for planned experiments and for analyzing the impact of experimental and engineering controls used to manage risk. The consequences, of increasing severity, are noted on the axis. The axis represents the probability of an event occurring. Stoplight colors are used to indicate regions of the matrix that may represent areas of differing risks. The eclipse is a representative of the wide scope that genetically engineered viruses may represent in the matrix.

Citation: Rozo M, Lawler J, Paragas J. 2017. Viral Agents of Human Disease: Biosafety Concerns, p 187-220. In Wooley D, Byers K (ed), Biological Safety: Principles and Practices, Fifth Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555819637.ch9
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Figure 2

Chart representing the course of differing aspects of CCHFV infection in human. Incidences are noted on the axis and the clinical day is noted on the axis. (Adapted with permission from reference .)

10.1128/9781555819637/9637ch9fig2_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555819637/9637ch9fig2.gif
Image of Figure 2
Figure 2

Chart representing the course of differing aspects of CCHFV infection in human. Incidences are noted on the axis and the clinical day is noted on the axis. (Adapted with permission from reference .)

Citation: Rozo M, Lawler J, Paragas J. 2017. Viral Agents of Human Disease: Biosafety Concerns, p 187-220. In Wooley D, Byers K (ed), Biological Safety: Principles and Practices, Fifth Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555819637.ch9
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