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Chapter 27 : Monitoring Antimicrobial Drug Usage in Animals: Methods and Applications

Authors: Nicole Werner1, Scott McEwen2, Lothar Kreienbrock3
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Affiliations: 1: Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training for Health at the Human-Animal-Environment Interface, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Federal Republic of Germany; 2: Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1; 3: Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training for Health at the Human-Animal-Environment Interface, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Federal Republic of Germany
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 2018

Category: Clinical Microbiology; Environmental Microbiology

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Abstract:

To show relationships between the use of antimicrobial agents and the selection and spread of bacteria with resistance characteristics, it is necessary to have access to information about prescription and consumption of antimicrobial drugs in the population to be studied. This requires suitable methods, but also the establishment of figures which adequately describe the use of antimicrobial agents on the level of the enterprise, the veterinarian or the farmer individually, as well as in a cumulative form for countries, regions, or special production forms. The overarching goal of this article, therefore, is to describe the way monitoring systems for antimicrobial drug usage in animals are set up.

Citation: Werner N, McEwen S, Kreienbrock L. 2018. Monitoring Antimicrobial Drug Usage in Animals: Methods and Applications, p 569-594. In Schwarz S, Cavaco L, Shen J (ed), Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.ARBA-0015-2017
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Monitoring Antimicrobial Drug Usage in Animals: Methods and Applications
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Citation: Werner N, McEwen S, Kreienbrock L. 2018. Monitoring Antimicrobial Drug Usage in Animals: Methods and Applications, p 569-594. In Schwarz S, Cavaco L, Shen J (ed), Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.ARBA-0015-2017
/content/10.1128/9781555819804.chap27.fig27-1
Figure 1
Annual sales of antimicrobial agents in tons (2014; Australian data from 2009/2010). Note that these figures are not adjusted for livestock population sizes and figures for Australia, Canada and the United States include sales of ionophores and/or coccidiostats (see text).
10.1128/9781555819804/fig27-1_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555819804/fig27-1.gif
Image of Figure 1
Figure 1

Annual sales of antimicrobial agents in tons (2014; Australian data from 2009/2010). Note that these figures are not adjusted for livestock population sizes and figures for Australia, Canada and the United States include sales of ionophores and/or coccidiostats (see text).

Citation: Werner N, McEwen S, Kreienbrock L. 2018. Monitoring Antimicrobial Drug Usage in Animals: Methods and Applications, p 569-594. In Schwarz S, Cavaco L, Shen J (ed), Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.ARBA-0015-2017
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Figure 2
PCU-corrected sales data (mg/PCU) according to the ESVAC report 2016 ( )
10.1128/9781555819804/fig27-2_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781555819804/fig27-2.gif
Image of Figure 2
Figure 2

PCU-corrected sales data (mg/PCU) according to the ESVAC report 2016 ( )

Citation: Werner N, McEwen S, Kreienbrock L. 2018. Monitoring Antimicrobial Drug Usage in Animals: Methods and Applications, p 569-594. In Schwarz S, Cavaco L, Shen J (ed), Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.ARBA-0015-2017
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Tables

Monitoring Antimicrobial Drug Usage in Animals: Methods and Applications
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Citation: Werner N, McEwen S, Kreienbrock L. 2018. Monitoring Antimicrobial Drug Usage in Animals: Methods and Applications, p 569-594. In Schwarz S, Cavaco L, Shen J (ed), Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.ARBA-0015-2017
/content/10.1128/9781555819804.chap27.tab27-1
APPENDIXES
Glossary of Terms and Definitions Describing Antimicrobial Drug Usage in Animals (modified from reference )
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APPENDIXES

Glossary of Terms and Definitions Describing Antimicrobial Drug Usage in Animals (modified from reference )

Citation: Werner N, McEwen S, Kreienbrock L. 2018. Monitoring Antimicrobial Drug Usage in Animals: Methods and Applications, p 569-594. In Schwarz S, Cavaco L, Shen J (ed), Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.ARBA-0015-2017
/content/10.1128/9781555819804.chap27.T2
Untitled
Overview of National Monitoring Systems for Antibiotic Consumption
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Untitled

Overview of National Monitoring Systems for Antibiotic Consumption

Citation: Werner N, McEwen S, Kreienbrock L. 2018. Monitoring Antimicrobial Drug Usage in Animals: Methods and Applications, p 569-594. In Schwarz S, Cavaco L, Shen J (ed), Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.ARBA-0015-2017

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