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Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis; Clinical Microbiology
Tuberculosis in Enclosed Populations, Page 1 of 2
< Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555819866/9781555819859_Chap14-1.gif /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1128/9781555819866/9781555819859_Chap14-2.gifAbstract:
Tuberculosis (TB) transmission in enclosed environments was responsible for large outbreaks during the 1990s. These occurred primarily among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons, homeless shelter residents, jail and prison inmates, acute-care facility in-patients, long-term care facility (LTCF) residents, and health care workers (HCWs). Risk factors which contributed include decay in public health infrastructure, rise of HIV infection (with limited highly active antiretroviral treatments), increase in the number of homeless persons, immigration from countries with high TB incidence, HCWs’ decreased vigilance, and few existing adequate airborne isolation facilities. The resulting major public health efforts to upgrade facilities in hospitals and jails, provide directly observed treatment (DOT), and educate HCWs and the public all led to a dramatic decrease in new TB cases, especially multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), from 10.5 cases per 100,000 in 1992 to 3.0 cases per 100,000 in 2015 ( 1 ).
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Factors contributing to nosocomial outbreaks of MDR-TB, 1990s a
Factors contributing to nosocomial outbreaks of MDR-TB, 1990s a
Factors contributing to TB outbreaks in correctional facilities, 1990s a
Factors contributing to TB outbreaks in correctional facilities, 1990s a
Factors contributing to TB outbreaks in shelters and SRO hotels, 1990s a
Factors contributing to TB outbreaks in shelters and SRO hotels, 1990s a
Risk factors for spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in LTCFs, 1990s a
Risk factors for spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in LTCFs, 1990s a
Criteria for M. tuberculosis AII a
Ongoing risk for spread of M. tuberculosis a