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Chapter 17 : Outer Membrane Vesicle-Host Cell Interactions

Authors: Jessica D. Cecil*, Natalie Sirisaengtaksin*, Neil M. O’Brien-Simpson, Anne Marie Krachler
Content Type: Monograph
Publication Year: 2019

Category: Bacterial Pathogenesis

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Abstract:

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanosized, spherical proteoliposomes. They are secreted via vesiculation of the outer membrane by Gram-negative bacteria as part of the normal growth process ( ). OMVs play diverse roles in intracellular communication, microbial virulence, and modulation of the host immune response ( ).

Citation: Cecil J, Sirisaengtaksin N, O’Brien-Simpson N, Krachler A. 2019. Outer Membrane Vesicle-Host Cell Interactions, p 201-214. In Sandkvist M, Cascales E, Christie P (ed), Protein Secretion in Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PSIB-0001-2018
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Outer Membrane Vesicle-Host Cell Interactions
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Citation: Cecil J, Sirisaengtaksin N, O’Brien-Simpson N, Krachler A. 2019. Outer Membrane Vesicle-Host Cell Interactions, p 201-214. In Sandkvist M, Cascales E, Christie P (ed), Protein Secretion in Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PSIB-0001-2018
/content/10.1128/9781683670285.chap17.fig17-1
Figure 1
Structure and composition of bacterial OMVs. Examples of purified OMVs isolated from , , and . OMVs were purified using an optiprep gradient and visualized using cryo-transmission electron microscopy as previously described ( ). Scale bars, 200 nm. Typical composition of bacterial OMVs.
10.1128/9781683670285/fig17-1_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781683670285/fig17-1.gif
Image of Figure 1
Figure 1

Structure and composition of bacterial OMVs. Examples of purified OMVs isolated from , , and . OMVs were purified using an optiprep gradient and visualized using cryo-transmission electron microscopy as previously described ( ). Scale bars, 200 nm. Typical composition of bacterial OMVs.

Citation: Cecil J, Sirisaengtaksin N, O’Brien-Simpson N, Krachler A. 2019. Outer Membrane Vesicle-Host Cell Interactions, p 201-214. In Sandkvist M, Cascales E, Christie P (ed), Protein Secretion in Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PSIB-0001-2018
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Figure 2
A summary of OMV interactions within gingival tissues. Bacteria accrete on the tooth’s surface and form a bacterial (plaque) biofilm that is adjacent to the epithelial cells in the gingival (gum) tissue. OMVs secreted from bacteria in this plaque biofilm bind to and penetrate into the mucosal tissue and generate host cell interactions and responses. These responses culminate in a chronic inflammatory response resulting in osteoclast activation which, in turn, promotes bone resorption and eventual tooth loss.
10.1128/9781683670285/fig17-2_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781683670285/fig17-2.gif
Image of Figure 2
Figure 2

A summary of OMV interactions within gingival tissues. Bacteria accrete on the tooth’s surface and form a bacterial (plaque) biofilm that is adjacent to the epithelial cells in the gingival (gum) tissue. OMVs secreted from bacteria in this plaque biofilm bind to and penetrate into the mucosal tissue and generate host cell interactions and responses. These responses culminate in a chronic inflammatory response resulting in osteoclast activation which, in turn, promotes bone resorption and eventual tooth loss.

Citation: Cecil J, Sirisaengtaksin N, O’Brien-Simpson N, Krachler A. 2019. Outer Membrane Vesicle-Host Cell Interactions, p 201-214. In Sandkvist M, Cascales E, Christie P (ed), Protein Secretion in Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PSIB-0001-2018
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Figure 3
Summary of OMV interactions with the gastrointestinal tract. Environmental pressures, such as low pH, mucin, or peptides or overgrowth of certain bacteria, result in the release of OMVs in the gastric lumen. These OMVs are able to penetrate the mucosal barrier and via different mechanisms adhere to and interact with the underlying epithelial cell and immune cells, inducing homeostasis or pathology.
10.1128/9781683670285/fig17-3_thmb.gif
10.1128/9781683670285/fig17-3.gif
Image of Figure 3
Figure 3

Summary of OMV interactions with the gastrointestinal tract. Environmental pressures, such as low pH, mucin, or peptides or overgrowth of certain bacteria, result in the release of OMVs in the gastric lumen. These OMVs are able to penetrate the mucosal barrier and via different mechanisms adhere to and interact with the underlying epithelial cell and immune cells, inducing homeostasis or pathology.

Citation: Cecil J, Sirisaengtaksin N, O’Brien-Simpson N, Krachler A. 2019. Outer Membrane Vesicle-Host Cell Interactions, p 201-214. In Sandkvist M, Cascales E, Christie P (ed), Protein Secretion in Bacteria. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PSIB-0001-2018
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